Research Article

Assessment of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance T1 Mapping: Correlation with Left-Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction and Diabetic Duration

Table 1

Anthropometry and biochemical characteristics.

DbCM ()Control () value

Anthropometry
Age, y54.6 ± 8.651.4 ± 13.60.229
Diabetic history, y7.0 [2.8–11.0]
Male, n (%)20 (52.6)15 (46.9)0.405
Height, m1.62 ± 0.071.61 ± 0.070.711
Weight, kg63.9 ± 9.861.3 ± 10.50.296
Body mass index, kg/m224.3 ± 2.723.5 ± 3.10.248
Body surface area, m21.68 ± 0.151.65 ± 0.170.491
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg118.5 ± 10.5119.0 ± 11.40.867
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg80.9 ± 5.983.4 ± 7.60.118

Biochemical exam
Urine microalbumin, mg/dL0.3 [0.1–3.0]0.9 [0.6–1.7]0.072
Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L5.8 [4.8–7.0]5.8 [5.1–6.8]0.810
Creatinine, μmol/L60.0 [54.6–71.6]64.0 [57.3–76.3]0.632
Cystatin C, mg/L0.81 ± 0.200.76 ± 0.160.256
AST, IU/L29.3 [23.2–35.4]20.2 [17.3–27.6]0.001
LDH, IU/L188.1 ± 54.0196.4 ± 46.00.549
α-HBDH, IU/L126.0 ± 28.7131.0 ± 37.90.581
CK, IU/L93.7 [62.2–130.5]88.5 [66.2–105.2]0.576
Ischemia modified albumin, U/mL82.6 ± 7.773.6 ± 5.7≤0.001
Total cholesterol, mmol/L5.4 [4.0–6.3]5.2 [4.8–5.9]0.926
Triglycerides, mmol/L2.1 [1.1–3.6]1.4 [0.9–2.0]0.013
HDL, mmol/L1.2 [1.0–1.3]1.4 [1.2–1.7]0.001
LDL, mmol/L3.4 [2.5–3.9]3.3 [3.1–3.7]0.440
Glucose, mmol/L8.2 [6.5–10.6]5.3 [4.8–5.8]≤0.001
Glycated hemoglobin, %7.4 [6.7–8.9]5.6 [5.4–5.8]≤0.001
Troponin, 10−3μg/L8 [5–12]5 [3–6]0.001
Myoglobin, ng/mL26.5 [21.0–41.3]30.4 [22.0–38.5]0.636
Insulin, μIU/mL18.5 ± 9.812.8 ± 4.50.021
C peptide, ng/mL1.8 [1.3–2.6]1.1 [0.8–1.8]0.016
Haematocrit, %39.8 ± 4.441.8 ± 4.50.055

Medications
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, n (%)5 (13.2)
Statin, n (%)26 (68.4)
Aspirin, n (%)4 (10.5)

Echocardiography
Doppler mitral annulus velocity E’/A’0.78 ± 0.09

AST: aspartate aminotransferase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; α-HBDH: alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase; CK: creatine kinase; HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.