State of Diabetes Self-Management Education in the European Union Member States and Non-EU Countries: The Diabetes Literacy Project

Table 1

Providers of diabetes self-management education (incl. educators and frameworks) in the EU MS and Israel, Taiwan, and the USA (all respondents based on the Diabetes Literacy Survey).

Providers of DSME in the EU MS, Israel, Taiwan, and the USA (ITU)	EU MS	ITU
Diabetes specialist (diabetologist/endocrinologist)	60%	61%
General practitioner	41%	54%
Diabetes/health educator	36%	72%
Diabetes nurse	41%	58%
Primary care nurse	19%	19%
Diabetes education team in a hospital or a rehabilitation clinic	37%	44%
Pharmacists	10%	18%
Health insurance providers	5%	18%
Other health-related organizations	4%	13%
Diabetes support group/diabetes organization	36%	40%
Patient to patient (e.g., peers or lay health workers)	10%	16%
Patient self-directed learning (e.g., IT platforms or journals)	20%	36%
Other	6%	11%
Don’t know	2%	2%