Research Article

Association of Metformin Treatment with Reduced Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Table 2

Logistic regression analysis between patients with mild/moderate NPDR and those with SNPDR/PDR for variables associated with the use of metformin, insulin, or sulfonylurea.

Diabetes treatmentSeverity of DR
Mil/Mod NPDR number (%)SNPDR/PDR number (%)OR (95% CI) value

Effect of metformin
 Nonmetformin users ()75 (53)67 (47)0.37 (0.23–0.59)<0.001
 Metformin users ()145 (75)48 (25)
Effect of insulin
 Noninsulin users ()54 (87)8 (13)4.35 (1.99–9.50)<0.001
 Insulin users ()166 (61)107 (39)
Effect of sulfonylurea
 Nonsulfonylurea users ()75 (54)63 (46)0.45 (0.28–0.71)<0.001
 Sulfonylurea users ()143 (73)54 (27)

DR: diabetic retinopathy; Mil/Mod NPDR: mild/moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; SNPDR/PDR: severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy/proliferative diabetic retinopathy; OR: odds ratio; (logistic regression analysis).