Calcium Signaling in the Ventricular Myocardium of the Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rat

Table 6

In vivo hemodynamic function in the GK rat.

Parameter	Age	Control versus GK	Reference
HR	15 and 22 w	344.7 versus 314.1 [15] and 333.1 versus 296.7 [22] (bpm)	[34]
	14–16 w	322 versus 328 bpm NSD	[28]
	16 w	NSD	[37]
	16 w	453 versus 454 bpm NSD	[30]
	18 w	369 versus 417 bpm NSD	[31]
	20 w	208 versus 217 bpm NSD	[32]
	20 w	341 versus 360 bpm NSD	[33]
	15 and 22 w	344.7 versus 314.1 [15] and 333.1 versus 296.7 [22] (bpm)	[34]
	24 w	370.33 versus 323.00 (bpm)	[2]
	18 and 30 w	337 versus 350 [18] and 319 versus 328 bpm [30] NSD	[45]
	2, 7, and 15 m	370 versus 316 [2], 324 versus 264 [7], and 307 versus 256 [15] (bpm)	[46]
	3 m	NSD	[58]
SBP	15 and 22 w	122.3 versus 138.4 [15] and 117.5 versus 135.0 [22] (mmHg)	[34]
	14–16 w	131 versus 134 mmHg NSD	[28]
	16 w	Higher	[37]
	16 w	145 versus 123 mmHg NSD	[30]
	18 w	117 versus 121 mmHg NSD	[31]
	20 w	Higher	[32]
	20 w	144 versus 149 mmHg NSD	[33]
	15 and 22 w	122.3 versus 138.4 [15] and 117.5 versus 135.0 [22] (mmHg)	[34]
	3 m	124 versus 152 (mmHg)	[58]
DBP	15 and 22 w	88.1 versus 95.4 [15] and 84.0 versus 91.6 [22] (mmHg)	[34]
	16 w	117 versus 89 (mmHg)	[30]
	15 and 22 w	88.1 versus 95.4 [15] and 84.0 versus 91.6 mmHg [22]	[34]
MAP	16 w	117 versus 120 mmHg NSD	[35]
	16 w	Higher	[37]
	16 w	126 versus 100 (mmHg)	[30]
PLVP	18 and 30 w	106 versus 105 [18] and 112 versus 108 mmHg [30] NSD	[45]
LV +dP/dt	18 and 30 w	6510 versus 5953 [18] and 6846 versus 5840 mmHg/s [30] NSD	[45]
	26 w	NSD	[30]
LV –dP/dt	18 and 30 w	4800 versus 4614 (18) and 5166 versus 5111 mmHg/s [30] NSD	[45]
	26 w	NSD	[30]
LVEDP	18 and 30 w	8 versus 6 [18] and 9 versus 6 [30] (mmHg)	[45]
LVEDV	20 w	550 versus 713 μl NSD	[32]
LVDV	6 m	411.69 versus 415.53 μl NSD	[51]
LVSV	6 m	108.51 versus 196.01 (μl)	[51]
EF	14–16 w	80 versus 73 (%)	[28]
	16 w	NSD	[30]
	20 w	77.9 versus 80.5% NSD	[33]
	26 w	0.74 versus 0.93 (%)	[44]
	6 m	73.42 versus 52.63 (%)	[51]
FS	20 w	47 versus 30 (%)	[32]
	20 w	42.3 versus 45.3% NSD	[33]
	24 w	43.45 versus 38.20% NSD	[2]
	6 m	44.41 versus 28.56 (%)	[51]
	18 and 30 w	51 versus 55 [18] and 49 versus 51 cm [30] NSD	[45]
CO	20 w	368 versus 321 ml/min NSD	[33]
	6 m	303.7 versus 219.52 (μl)	[51]
IVCT	24 w	10.98 versus 12.26 (ms)	[2]
IVRT	14–16 w	25.3 versus 28.3 (ms)	[28]
	24 w	19.09 versus 24.88 ms	[2]
CBF	15 w	Increased	[29]
	24 w	4.32 versus 2.46 (mL/g/min)	[2]

HR: heart rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MAP: mean arterial pressure; PLVP: peak left ventricular pressure; LV +dP/dt: rate for pressure development in left ventricle; LV –dP/dt: rate for pressure decline in left ventricle; LVEDP: left ventricular end diastolic pressure; LVEDV: left ventricular end diastolic volume; LVDV: left ventricular diastolic volume; LVSV: left ventricular systolic volume; EF: ejection fraction; FS: fractional shortening; CO: cardiac output; IVCT: isovolumic contraction time; IVRT: isovolumic relaxation time; CBF: coronary blood flow; NSD: no significant difference. Significant difference.