PTPN2 Downregulation Is Associated with Albuminuria and Vitamin D Receptor Deficiency in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Figure 3

High glucose downregulated PTPN2 in THP-1 cells, and this is reversed by increasing VDR level. THP-1 cells were stimulated with high glucose (30 mmol/L) for 48 hours (HG). Cells were pretreated with paricalcitol (0.2 ng/mL) (HG + pari) for 6 hours before HG. (a, b) PTPN2 and VDR protein levels as determined by Western blot; GAPDH was used as a loading control. (c) PTPN2 and VDR mRNA levels as quantified by real-time RT-qPCR. (d) ELISA for inflammatory cytokines MCP-1, IL-6, and TNFα. Experiments were repeated three times, and data represent mean ± SD versus control (, ) and versus HG (, ).

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