Journal of Diabetes Research

Research Article

Insulin Secretion and Risk for Future Diabetes in Subjects with a Nonpositive Insulinogenic Index

Table 1

Indices of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity among groups by insulinogenic index.
Positive insulinogenic indexNonpositive insulinogenic index
NGTIFG and/or IGTΔGlu0–30 ≤ 0
()		ΔIns0–30 ≤ 0
()
Insulinogenic index ≥ 0.4
()		Insulinogenic index < 0.4
()		Insulinogenic index ≥ 0.4
()		Insulinogenic index < 0.4
()
Insulin secretion      
 Insulinogenic index (mU/L/mg/dL)0.92 (0.87–0.97)†0.24 (0.22–0.26)†0.79 (0.73–0.84)0.20 (0.18–0.21)†Not calculableNot calculable
 AUC (Ins30)/AUC (Glu30) (pmol/mmol)27.6 (26.6–28.7)12.7 (11.2–14.2)†26.7 (25.4–28.0)10.9 (9.6–12.1)†24.3 (20.8–27.8)3.8 (−0.4–7.9)†
 AUC (Ins120) (nmolmin)28.4 (27.3–29.7)†17.0 (15.2–18.8)†34.5 (33.0–36.1)19.4 (17.9–20.9)†20.0 (15.9–24.1)†10.4 (5.6–15.3)†
 AUC (Ins120)/AUC (Glu120) (×10−2 mU/mg)2.79 (2.69–2.90)1.41 (1.25–1.57)†2.86 (2.72–2.99)1.37 (1.25–1.50)†2.51 (2.16–2.87)0.85 (0.43–1.27)†
 First-phase Stumvoll (pmol/L, mmol/L)945 (918–972)†464 (423–506)†853 (818–888)276 (243–309)†1156 (1062–1251)†232 (121–343)†
 Second-phase Stumvoll (pmol/L, mmol/L)254 (248–260)150 (141–159)†240 (232–248)115 (107–122)†285 (264–306)†99 (74–124)†
Insulin sensitivity      
 Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (mU/L, mg/dL)14.0 (13.0–15.1)†18.4 (16.8–20.0)†10.1 (8.7–11.4)10.7 (9.4–12.0)17.2 (13.6–20.9)†14.5 (10.1–18.8)
 HOMA-IR (mU/L, mmol/L)0.89 (0.85–0.93)†0.70 (0.65–0.76)†1.13 (1.06–1.20)0.92 (0.87–0.98)†0.87 (0.73–1.03)0.88 (0.73–1.08)
Data are means (95% confidence intervals) adjusted for body mass index, age, and gender. Insulinogenic index and HOMA-IR were log-transformed before analysis, and calculated values were untransformed after analysis. compared to NGT with insulinogenic index ≥ 0.4 and compared to IFG and/or IGT with insulinogenic index ≥ 0.4 with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. AUC(Glutime): area under the curve for glucose by time (min) elapsed; AUC(Instime): area under the curve for insulin by time (min) elapsed; ΔGlu0–30 and ΔIns0–30,: change in glucose and in insulin, respectively, over the first 30 min on the oral glucose tolerance test; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model of insulin resistance.