Assessment of Vitamin D-Binding Protein and Early Prediction of Nephropathy in Type 2 Saudi Diabetic Patients

Table 3

Correlation of uVDBP with the clinical and biochemical features in diabetic nephropathy patients.

Variables	r	P
Clinical features
Age	−0.088	0.338
Gender	0.009	0.921
BMI	0.115	0.210
FH of DM	0.309	0.001
DM duration	0.079	0.394
DR	0.099	0.281
CKD	−0.093	0.311
Diabetic assessment
FBS	0.018	0.849
HbA1c	0.584	<0.001
Fasting insulin	−0.155	0.091
HOMA-IR index	−0.099	0.281
Lipid profile
Total cholesterol	0.091	0.324
HDL-c	−0.052	0.575
LDL-c	−0.244	0.007
Total triglyceride	0.018	0.849
Total serum protein	−0.202	0.027
Renal function tests
Serum urea	0.097	0.294
Serum creatinine	0.010	0.912
Albumin/creatinine ratio	0.775	<0.001
eGFR	0.047	0.611
Inflammatory markers
hs-CRP	−0.167	0.089
Vitamin D-binding protein analysis
sVDBP	0.665	<0.001

BMI: body mass index; FH of DM: family history of diabetes mellitus; DR: diabetic retinopathy; CKD: chronic kidney; FBS: fasting blood sugar; HOMA: homeostasis model assessment, HDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; sVDBP: serum vitamin D-binding protein. Bold values indicate significance at .