Hyperinsulinemia Can Cause Kidney Disease in the IGT Stage of OLETF Rats via the INS/IRS-1/PI3-K/Akt Signaling Pathway

Figure 2

Pathological changes of the renal tubule. Light microscope: (a) the control group by H&E (×400), (b) the NGT group by H&E (×400), (c) the IGT group by H&E (×400), (d) the DM group by H&E (×400), and (e) the DKD group by H&E (×400). Transmission electron microscope: (f) Basal side of the renal tubule in the control group (×30000), (g) basal side of the renal tubule in the NGT group (×30000), (h) basal side of the renal tubule in the IGT group (×30000), (i) basal side of the renal tubule in the DM group (×10000), (j) basal side of the renal tubule in the DKD group (×10000), (k) the renal interstitium in the control group (×10000), (l) renal interstitium in the NGT group (×7000), (m) the renal interstitium in the IGT group (×60000), (n) the renal interstitium in the DM group (×3000), and (o) the renal interstitium in the DKD group (3500).

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