A Vitamin Pattern Diet Is Associated with Decreased Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Women: Results from a Case Control Study in Taiyuan, China
Table 4
Vitamin pattern and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Nutrient pattern
One year before conception
The first trimester of pregnancy
The second trimester of pregnancy
Cases
Controls
OR
95%CI
Cases
Controls
OR
95%CI
Cases
Controls
OR
95%CI
Vitamins
Q1
404
1,985
1.00
404
1,985
1.00
402
1,987
1.00
Q2
378
2,011
0.92
0.78-1.08
369
2,020
0.89
0.76-1.04
388
2,001
0.95
0.81-1.11
Q3
371
2,018
0.86
0.73-1.01
380
2,009
0.89
0.76-1.04
355
2,029
0.81
0.69-0.95
Q4
311
2,078
0.71
0.61-0.84
311
2,078
0.71
0.60-0.84
319
2,075
0.74
0.63-0.87
Total
1464
8,092
0.90
0.85-0.95
1464
8092
0.90
0.86-0.95
1,464
8,092
0.90
0.85-0.95
trend
<0.0001
<0.0001
<0.0001
Adjusted for other factors, total energy intake, maternal age for years, high blood pressure, education, income, body mass index, parity, and family history of diabetes.
