A Vitamin Pattern Diet Is Associated with Decreased Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Women: Results from a Case Control Study in Taiyuan, China
Table 5
Vitamin nutrient pattern and risk of GDM stratified by maternal age.
Vitamin pattern
Cases
Controls
OR
95%CI
Cases
Controls
OR
95%CI
One year before pregnancy
Q1
200
1,163
1.00
204
822
1.00
Q2
166
1,149
0.80
0.63-1.00
212
862
1.04
0.83-1.30
Q3
142
1,142
0.67
0.53-0.85
229
876
1.06
0.85-1.32
Q4
141
1,194
0.65
0.51-0.82
170
884
0.78
0.62-0.98
Total
0.86
0.80-0.93
0.93
0.87-1.00
for trend
<0.0001
0.054
The first trimester
Q1
196
1,149
1.00
208
836
1.00
Q2
155
1,159
0.73
0.58-0.92
214
861
1.05
0.84-1.31
Q3
153
1,155
0.72
0.57-0.91
227
854
1.07
0.86-1.33
Q4
145
1,185
0.67
0.53-0.85
166
893
0.74
0.59-0.94
Total
0.88
0.82-0.95
0.92
0.86-0.99
for trend
0.001
0.024
The second trimester
Q1
196
1,157
1.00
206
830
1.00
Q2
169
1,162
0.81
0.65-1.02
219
839
1.09
0.87-1.36
Q3
135
1,146
0.65
0.51-0.82
220
883
0.99
0.79-1.23
Q4
149
1,183
0.70
0.56-0.89
170
892
0.76
0.61-0.96
Total
0.88
0.81-0.95
0.92
0.85-0.98
for trend
0.0006
0.016
Adjusted for education, income, body mass index, parity, gestational week, high blood pressure, and family history of diabetes.
