A Systematic Review of Beta Cell Function in Adults of Black African Ethnicity

Table 3

Ethnic comparison of insulin secretory function as determined by C-peptide levels.

	Insulin response by ethnicity
	BA > WE	No significant ethnic difference	BA < WE
NGT	[48] (OGTT); [52] (IVGTT); [56] (IVGTT); [28] (OGTT, obese only)	[34] (OGTT); [63] (IVGTT); [28] (OGTT, lean only); [29] (MMTT)	[50] (GCT); [25] (oral glucose, IV tolbutamide and glucagon)
“Prediabetic”			[36] (OGTT); [37] (OGTT)
T2D			[30] (MMTT, HC)
Mixed		[31] (OGTT); [42] (OGTT)
Cumulative	262	1005	753

Cumulative refers to the total number of participants (BA and WE) in the studies. BA: black African; WE: white European; NGT: normal glucose tolerance; T2D: type 2 diabetes; IVGTT: intravenous glucose tolerance test; OGTT: oral glucose tolerance test; GCT: glucose challenge test; MMTT: mixed meal tolerance test; HC: hyperglycaemic clamp.