Journal of Diabetes Research

Clinical Study

Effect of 12-Month Resistance Training on Changes in Abdominal Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Variables in Patients with Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Before and after training between-group comparison of changes on body composition, blood lipid, and metabolic variables.


		AT ()	RT ()	Control ()	value	value	value
		AT ()	RT ()	Control ()	Group-time interaction	Group	AT vs. RT	AT vs. control	RT vs. control

BMI (kg/m²)	After	22.08 (21.10, 25.58)	24.60 (21.67, 26.71)	25.22 (21.43, 26.84)	0.378	0.559	0.112	0.541	0.444
BMI (kg/m²)	Change
WHR	After	0.89 (0.83, 0.91)	0.87 (0.84, 0.93)	0.88 (0.85, 0.93)	0.845	0.648	0.553	0.75	0.32
WHR	Change
Muscle mass (kg)	After	38.50 (34.80, 42.40)	41.30 (38.40, 49.50)	39.80 (34.00, 49.00)	0.112	0.230	0.031	0.892	0.045
Muscle mass (kg)	Change
TC (mmol/L)	After				0.541	0.301	0.892	0.347	0.341
TC (mmol/L)	Change
TG (mmol/L)	After	1.44 (1.04, 1.74)	1.46 (0.86, 1.95)	1.18 (0.97, 1.90)	0.457	0.970	0.92	0.29	0.28
TG (mmol/L)	Change
HDL (mmol/L)	After				0.250	0.532	0.212	0.737	0.115
HDL (mmol/L)	Change
LDL (mmol/L)	After	3.00 (2.72, 3.48)	2.91 (2.56, 3.49)	2.99 (2.38, 3.53)	0.352	0.235	0.934	0.171	0.176
LDL (mmol/L)	Change
VAT (cm²)	After				0.006	—	0.469	0.001	0.014
VAT (cm²)	Change
SAT (cm²)	After	185.23 (147.01, 215.12)	177.33 (136.23, 200.17)	189 (166.32, 226.88)	0.665	0.839	0.545	0.087	0.056
SAT (cm²)	Change
FPG (mmol/L)	After				0.004	—	0.473	0.014	0.003
FPG (mmol/L)	Change
2hPG (mmol/L)	After	7.00 (6.19, 8.80)	7.87 (6.10, 9.60)	8.00 (6.85, 10.58)	0.610	0.269	0.141	0.252	0.573
2hPG (mmol/L)	Change
HbA1c (%)	After				0.033	—	0.107	0.050	0.653
HbA1c (%)	Change
HbA1c (mmol/mol)	After	40 (38, 45)	40 (38, 43)	41 (37, 45)	0.034	—	0.106	0.066	0.727
HbA1c (mmol/mol)	Change
FI (μU/mL)	After	8.92 (5.73, 12.59)	7.89 (6.02, 11.46)	8.89 (5.65, 13.31)	0.932	0.751	0.168	0.865	0.239
FI (μU/mL)	Change
HOMA2-IR	After	1.19 (0.75, 1.64)	1.04 (0.80, 1.47)	1.24 (0.76, 1.79)	0.892	0.772	0.23	0.902	0.182
HOMA2-IR	Change
HOMA2-β	After	81.00 (53.60, 95.50)	77.70 (56.30, 112.30)	79.00 (50.40, 110.40)	0.545	0.706	0.298	0.137	0.622
HOMA2-β	Change
Total calorie intake (kcal)	After				0.315	0.621	0.697	0.211	0.387
Total calorie intake (kcal)	Change
Diagnostic categories after training, (%)	IFG	11 (31.4)	8 (22.9)	6 (17.1)	—	—	0.420	0.163	0.550
	IGT	5 (14.3)	16 (45.7)	11 (31.4)	—	—	0.004	0.088	0.220
	IFG+IGT	6 (17.1)	1 (2.9)	5 (14.3)	—	—	0.046	0.743	0.088
	NGT	10 (28.6)	8 (22.9)	3 (8.6)	—	—	0.584	0.031	0.101
	Diabetes	3 (8.6)	2 (5.7)	10 (28.6)	—	—	1.000	0.031	0.011

The data are shown as the or median (if data are not normally distributed). Change: from baseline to posttraining within-group; NGT: normal glucose tolerance.