Vascular Events and Carotid Atherosclerosis: A 5-Year Prospective Cohort Study in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and a Contemporary Cardiovascular Prevention Treatment
Table 1
Characteristics of the population at baseline.
Total population ()
Patients without prior CVa events ()
Patients with prior CV events ()
value
Age (years)
<0.01
Male sex
332 (57.6)
258 (54.7)
74 (72.2)
0.002
HbA1c (%)
0.117
HbA1c (mmol/mol)
Diabetes duration (years)
<0.001
BMIb (kg/m2)
0.262
Current smoker
124 (22.3)
108 (23.7)
16 (16)
0.086
Mean triglycerides (mg/dL)
0.111
HDL-Cc (mg/dL)
0.011
LDL-Cd (mg/dL)
<0.001
154 (26.8)
130 (27.6)
24 (23.1)
0.312
Lipid-lowering therapy
421 (73.1)
327 (69.3)
94 (90.4)
<0.001
Statin
394 (68.4)
303 (64.2)
91 (87.5)
<0.001
Blood pressure-lowering therapy
456 (79.2)
354 (75.0)
102 (98.1)
<0.001
ACEie/ARBf
399 (69.3)
306 (64.8)
93 (89.4)
<0.001
Antiplatelet therapy
262 (46.1)
172 (37.1)
90 (86.5)
<0.001
Diabetes treatment
<0.001
Insulin
122 (21.3)
89 (19.0)
33 (32.0)
OADg/incretin
227 (39.7)
206 (43.9)
21 (20.4)
OAD/incretin and insulin
205 (35.8)
158 (33.7)
47 (45.6)
Lower extremity arterial disease
68 (11.8)
42 (8.9)
26 (25.0)
<0.001
Previous cardiovascular event
89 (15.5)
0 (0)
89 (85.6)
<0.001
Previous cerebrovascular event
25 (4.3)
0 (0)
25 (24.0)
<0.001
Retinopathy
176 (30.6)
131 (27.8)
45 (43.3)
0.003
Neuropathy
235 (40.8)
177 (37.5)
58 (55.8)
0.001
Nephropathy
227 (39.4)
173 (36.7)
54 (51.9)
0.005
Data are (%) or .aCV: cardiovascular; bBMI: body mass index; cHDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; dLDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; eACEi: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; fARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker; gOAD: oral antidiabetic drugs.
