Journal of Diabetes Research

Research Article

Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 in the Aqueous Humor of Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema

Table 2

Parameters associated with the glucose-regulated protein of 78 kDa (GRP78) levels in the aqueous humor of center-involving diabetic macular edema patients in univariate and multivariate regression analyses.


		Univariate		Stepwise backward^†
			value		value

Systemic factors	HbA1c (%)		0.112
Systemic factors	Duration of diabetes (years)		0.107		0.002

OCT findings	Preoperative CST (μm)		0.828
	Length of EZ disruption (μm)		<0.001		<0.001
	Number of HF		0.006		0.059

Aqueous humor components	IL-1β level (pg/mL)		0.855
	IL-8 level (pg/mL)		0.3584
	IL-10 level (pg/mL)		0.953
	IL-17 level (pg/mL)		0.277
	PlGF level (pg/mL)		0.738
	VEGF level (pg/mL)		0.032		0.007

B: estimated regression coefficient; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; OCT: optical coherence tomography; CST: central subfield thickness; EZ: ellipsoid zone; HF: hyperreflective foci; IL: interleukin; PlGF: placental growth factor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor. Adjusted for age, sex, and diabetic retinopathy stage. ^†Adjusted .