Pyruvate-Enriched Oral Rehydration Solution Improves Glucometabolic Disorders in the Kidneys of Diabetic db/db Mice

Figure 2

Pyruvate effects on proinflammatory cytokines in diabetic kidney homogenate after different treatments (). Oral pyruvate significantly inhibited IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in kidney homogenate in group Pyr, compared to group Con, in diabetic db/db mice. Nor (normal), C57BLKS/J nontreated mice; Con (control), C57BLKS/J diabetic db/db nontreated mice; Pyr, db/db mice drunk distilled water containing 1% pyruvate; Pyr-ORS, db/db mice drunk pyruvate-enriched ORS to replace distilled water, containing 0.35% pyruvate. (a) Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), (b) interleukin 6 (IL-6), and (c) tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Values represented , vs. Con.

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