Attenuation of Diabetic Nephropathy in Diabetic Mice by Fasudil through Regulation of Macrophage Polarization

Figure 3

Fasudil inhibited M1 macrophage polarization and proinflammatory cytokines in renal tissues of diabetic mice. (a) Representative immunohistochemical staining of CD11c (a marker for M1 macrophages; red arrows), IL-6, and TNF-α in renal tissues. (b) Quantitative analysis for the number of M1 macrophages in renal tissue specimens. Data are expressed as , vs. the Ctrl group; ^# vs. the DM group. (c) Quantitative analysis of the protein expression of IL-6 in renal tissue specimens. Data are expressed as , vs. the Ctrl group; ^# vs. DM group. (d) Quantitative analysis of the protein expression of TNF-α in renal tissue specimens. Data are expressed as , vs. the Ctrl group; ^# vs. the DM group.

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