Research Article
Thyroid Parameters and Kidney Disorder in Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the METAL Study
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of all participants.
| | All | Men | Women |
| | 4136 | 1983 | 2153 | | Age (yr) | | | | | Duration of diabetes (yr) | 9.00 (12.00) | 10.00 (12.00) | 8.00 (12.00) | | Current smoking (%) | 18.7 | 36.3 | 2.4 | | BMI (kg/m2) | | | | | HbA1c (%) | 7.20 (1.60) | 7.30 (1.60) | 7.10 (1.50) | | UA (μmol/L) | | | | | Hypertension (%) | 84.6 | 84.5 | 84.8 | | Dyslipidemia (%) | 62.0 | 63.5 | 60.5 | | UACR (mg/g Cr) | 13.00 (23.00) | 13.00 (24.00) | 14.00 (23.00) | | eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 95.63 (18.59) | 94.56 (18.64) | 96.66 (18.02) | | Reduced eGFR (%) | 5.58 | 6.0 | 5.1 | | Higher UACR (%) | 26.0 | 25.9 | 26.2 | | Higher UACR and/or reduced eGFR (%) | 28.1 | 27.8 | 28.4 | | Thyroid parameters | | TSH (mIU/L) | 2.53 (1.78) | 2.33 (1.58) | 2.73 (1.97) | | FT3 (pmol/L) | | | | | FT4 (pmol/L) | | | | | T3 (nmol/L) | | | | | T4 (nmol/L) | | | | | TPOAb positive (%) | 7.7 | 5.2 | 10.0 | | TgAb positive (%) | 6.2 | 3.3 | 9.0 | | Thyroid homeostasis parameters | | SPINA-GD (nmol/s) | | | | | SPINA-GT (pmol/s) | 2.31 (1.05) | 2.38 (1.05) | 2.25 (1.06) | | TSHI | | | | | TTSI (m/L) | 192.32 (132.76) | 179.96 (122.53) | 207.08 (143.21) |
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Normally and nonnormally distributed continuous variables were expressed as and median (interquartile range), respectively. BMI: body mass index; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; UA: uric acid; UACR: urinary albumin to creatinine ratio; Cr: creatinine; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone; FT 3: free triiodothyronine; FT 4: free thyroxine; T 4: thyroxin; T 3: triiodothyronine; TPOAb: thyroid peroxidase antibody: TgAb: thyroglobulin antibody; SPINA-G D: sum activity of peripheral deiodinases; SPINA-G T: thyroid’s secretory capacity; TSHI: Jostel’s TSH index; TTSI: thyrotroph thyroid hormone resistance index. |
