Recent Developments in Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration: A Literature Review

Table 1

Novel therapeutic approaches to diabetic retinal neurodegeneration in experimental studies.

Anti-inflammatory substances	Antioxidants	Neurotrophins and other neuroprotective factors	Mixed or unknown mechanisms
Alpha-1-antitrypsin	Fenofibrate and other PPARα agonists	Somatostatin	Flavonoids and other nutraceuticals
Citicoline	Inhibitors of protein tau hyperphosphorylation: ginsenoside Rg1 Notoginsenoside R1 siRNA	Ciliary neurotrophic factor	Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers
Fluocinolone acetonide	Spermine oxidase inhibitors	Sigma1 receptor	Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activators
	Caffeic acid alkyl amide derivatives	Synthetic microneurotrophin BNN27	GLP-1 receptor agonists
	Taurine	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Lamivudine
	Gabapentin	Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester	Endothelin-1 receptor antagonists
	Acrolein-scavenging 2-HDP	Intravitreal bone marrow CD133+ stem cells transplantation	Intraocular pressure-lowering agents
	Astaxanthin