Associations between the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Diabetic Complications in Adults with Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 1
Characteristics of the participants by the NLR level quartiles.
NLR level
Characteristic
Quartile 1 (≤1.382)
Quartile 2 (>1.382, ≤1.777)
Quartile 3 (>1.777, ≤2.319)
Quartile 4 (>2.319)
for trend
1194
1211
1198
1194
/
Age (yr)
<0.001
Men (%)
38.9
43.8
48.2
53.6
<0.001
Duration of diabetes (yr)
8 (3-15)
8 (3-15)
8 (3-15)
10 (5-18)
<0.001
Current smoking (%)
14.3
18.4
19.7
19.9
<0.001
Beyond high school education (%)
53.7
52.6
52.2
48.6
0.016
BMI (kg/m2)
0.134
FPG (mmol/L)
<0.001
HbA1c (%)
0.005
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
<0.001
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
1.60 (1.11-2.32)
1.53 (1.11-2.25)
1.57 (1.13-2.17)
1.46 (1.06-2.10)
0.215
HDL (mmol/L)
<0.001
LDL (mmol/L)
<0.001
Hypertension (%)
74.3
78.1
79.3
82.8
<0.001
Dyslipidemia (%)
60.1
62.4
63.8
62.6
0.169
CCA plaque (%)
27.9
34.3
34.7
39.2
<0.001
CVD (%)
34.4
34.7
37.2
41.9
<0.001
ACR (mg/g)
11 (7-21)
12 (7-27)
14 (8-34)
17 (9-44)
<0.001
eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2)
<0.001
DKD (%)
16.6
23.4
28.1
33.8
<0.001
DR (%)
15.3
17.2
18.7
16.9
0.296
NPDR (%)
14.8
17.0
18.0
16.4
0.327
PDR (%)
0.5
0.2
0.7
0.5
0.601
Leukocyte (×10 9/L)
<0.001
Lymphocytes (×10 9/L)
<0.001
Neutrophils (×10 9/L)
<0.001
NLR
<0.001
The data are summarized as the or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables or as a numerical proportion for categorical variables. for trend was calculated by regression tests. NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; BMI: body mass index; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; CCA: common carotid artery; CVD: cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; ACR: albumin to creatinine ratio; eGFR: estimated glomerular infiltration rate; DKD: diabetic kidney disease; DR: diabetic retinopathy; NPDR: nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR: proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
