Associations between the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Diabetic Complications in Adults with Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 3

Associations between the NLR level quartiles and the prevalence of DKD.

	NLR level quartiles				for trend	1SD increment of NLR
	Q 1 (≤1.38)	Q 2 (>1.38, ≤1.78)	Q 3 (>1.78, ≤2.32)	Q 4 (>2.32)
In total individuals
Ln ACR	Ref.	0.18 (0.07, 0.29)	0.36 (0.25, 0.47)	0.59 (0.48, 0.70)	<0.001	0.23 (0.19, 0.27)
eGFR	Ref.	-1.07 (-2.52, 0.38)	-1.69 (-3.15, -0.24)	-6.19 (-7.65, -4.73)	<0.001	-2.35 (-2.87, -1.84)
DKD	Ref	1.60 (1.27, 2.02)	1.98 (1.58, 2.48)	2.60 (2.08, 3.24)	<0.001	1.35 (1.26, 1.45)
Ln ACR^1	Ref.	0.12(0.01, 0.23)	0.28(0.17, 0.39)	0.43(0.32, 0.54)	<0.001	0.18(0.14, 0.22)
eGFR^2	Ref.	-1.24 (-2.75, 0.27)	-1.81 (-3.33, -0.29)	-5.14 (-6.66, -3.63)	<0.001	-1.85 (-2.39, -1.30)
DKD^1	Ref.	1.54 (1.20, 1.99)	2.06 (1.61, 2.65)	2.50 (1.95, 3.19)	<0.001	1.36 (1.25, 1.47)
In individuals with normal eGFR ( per 1.73 m^2)
Ln ACR^1	Ref.	0.11 (-0.01, 0.22)	0.27 (0.15, 0.39)	0.29 (0.17, 0.41)	<0.001	0.12 (0.07, 0.16)
DKD^1	Ref.	1.65 (1.18, 2.30)	2.11 (1.52, 2.93)	2.19 (1.58, 3.03)	<0.001	1.20 (1.08, 1.33)

Participants missing ACR data () or subjects with kidney cancer, chronic nephritis, ≥1 RBC/high-power field or ≥1 WBC/high-power field in urine sample (n = 637) were excluded. Finally, 3927 participants were involved in the analyses. Data are expressed as regression coefficients or odds ratios (95% CI). Linear regression analysis was used for the associations of the NLR level with Ln ACR and eGFR, respectively, with and without adjusting the model. Logistic regression analyses were used for the association between the NLR level and the prevalence of DKD with and without adjusting the model. ¹The model was adjusted for age, sex, education status, duration of diabetes, current smoking, BMI, HbA1c, dyslipidemia, and systolic blood pressure. ²The model was adjusted for education status, duration of diabetes, current smoking, BMI, HbA1c, dyslipidemia, and systolic blood pressure. Ln ACR: logarithmically transformed albumin to creatinine ratio; eGFR: estimated glomerular infiltration rate; DKD: diabetic kidney disease; BMI: body mass index; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.