Impaired Glomerular Filtration Rate in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study in Thailand

Table 4

Multivariate logistic regression analysis between other factors on impaired GFR among patients with T2DM.

Factors	Crude OR (95% CI)	value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	value
Female	1.15 (1.09, 1.2)	<0.001	1.01 (0.54, 1.91)	0.964
Age (years)
<50	Reference	1	Reference	1
50-59	2.2 (2.00, 2.43)	<0.001	2.97 (0.77, 11.52)	0.114
60-69	5.39 (4.90, 5.93)	<0.001	11.68 (3.13, 43.61)	<0.001
>70	12.55 (11.36, 13.87)	<0.001	21.85 (5.64, 84.69)	<0.001
BMI (kg/m^2)
BMI ≤22.9	Reference	1	Reference	1
BMI 23-24.9	0.75 (0.70, 0.80)	<0.001	0.98 (0.46, 2.09)	0.950
Obese I, BMI 25-29.9	0.66 (0.63, 0.70)	<0.001	0.71 (0.33, 1.52)	0.375
Obese II, BMI ≥30	0.52 (0.48, 0.56)	<0.001	0.86 (0.29, 2.57)	0.780
Waist circumference (cm)	0.99 (0.99, 0.99)	<0.001	0.99 (0.95, 1.02)	0.423
Smoking	0.90 (0.84, 0.96)	0.002	1.35 (0.60, 3.01)	0.464
Systolic BP (mmHg)
<120	Reference	1	Reference	1
120-129	1.15 (1.07, 1.24)	<0.001	2.72 (1.05, 7.00)	0.038
130-139	1.32 (1.23, 1.42)	<0.001	3.21 (1.30, 7.96)	0.012
>140	1.81 (1.68, 1.95)	<0.001	2.34 (0.92, 5.98)	0.075
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
<80	Reference	1	Reference	1
80-89	0.64 (0.61, 0.68)	<0.001	0.52 (0.28, 1.03)	0.052
90-99	0.54 (0.47, 0.61)	<0.001	0.66 (0.15, 2.93)	0.581
≥100	0.94 (0.62, 1.45)	0.792	1.00 (0.00, 1.00)	0.999
HemoglobinA1C (%)
<6	1.14 (1.05, 1.24)	0.002	3.71 (1.65, 8.32)	0.001
6-7	Reference	1	Reference	1
>7	0.87 (0.81, 0.92)	<0.001	2.53 (1.38, 4.63)	0.003
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	0.69 (0.68, 0.71)	<0.001	0.86 (0.73, 1.01)	0.071
Serum uric acid (mg/dL)	1.42 (1.38, 1.46)	<0.001	2.06 (1.73, 2.46)	<0.001
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	0.99 (0.99, 0.99)	<0.001	1.00 (0.99, 1.02)	0.864
UACR (mg/gCr)
<30	Reference	1	Reference	1
30-300	2.10 (1.77, 2.50)	<0.001	2.47 (1.39, 4.40)	0.002
>300	5.15 (3.77, 7.03)	<0.001	3.54 (1.50, 8.40)	0.004

All associations significant at P<0.05.
Abbreviation: BP: blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; UACR: urine albumin creatinine ratio.
^aAdjusted by age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, smoking, systolic BP, diastolic BP, HA1C, hemoglobin, serum uric acid, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and albuminuria.