Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Heart Failure with Midrange and Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Focus on Serum Biomarkers of Fibrosis
Table 2
Echocardiographic parameters of patients, Me (25, 75).
Parameters
Group 1 without HF () Me [25; 75]
Group 2 HFpEF () Me (25, 75)
Group 3 HFmrEF () Me (25, 75)
value
(1 vs. 2 vs. 3)
(1 vs. 2)
(1 vs. 3)
(2 vs. 3)
EF (Simpson), %
61 (59, 65)
61 (57, 62)
46 (41, 48)
<0.001
0.12
<0.001
<0.001
LA dimension, mm
43 (40, 47)
41 (38, 47)
44 (40, 50)
0.29
0.34
0.22
0.21
LA volume index, ml/m2
33.5 (30.0, 38.7)
42.0 (37.1, 46.4)
48.3 (38.0, 59.0)
<0.001
0.003
<0.001
0.23
E/e’avg
7 (8, 9)
11 (9, 13)
11 (9, 14)
0.006
0.009
0.005
0.4
PAP, mmHg
26 (19, 30)
24 (18-29)
26 (20-31)
0.57
0.37
0.61
0.18
LV dimension, mm
49 (46, 53)
47 (45, 51)
50 (46, 52)
0.4
0.49
0.43
0.13
EDV, ml
111 (94.7, 126.7)
117 (102, 135)
167 (125, 220)
0.025
0.21
0.005
0.007
LV volume index, ml/m2
50 (45, 63)
59 (49, 68)
66 (59, 74)
0.08
0.13
0.03
0.037
ESV, ml
46 (34, 53)
45 (39, 61)
89 (61, 134)
0.007
0.35
0.001
0.002
IVS, mm
10 (9, 11)
11 (10, 13)
11.5 (11, 13)
0.24
0.56
0.39
0.85
PW, mm
11 (10, 12)
11 (10, 13)
11 (9, 12)
0.51
0.43
0.53
0.41
RWT
0.44 (0.41, 0.46)
0.53 (0.49, 0.57)
0.52 (0.5, 0.55)
0.009
0.007
0.01
0.77
LVMM, g
197 (177, 244)
252 (207, 335)
271 (228, 401)
0.01
0.07
0.034
0.28
LVM/BSA, g/m2
105 (91, 119)
118 (94, 142)
155 (97, 196)
0.023
0.27
0.02
0.17
LVM/height, g/m
116 (109, 131)
177 (156.0, 192.8)
205.7 (160.1, 220.6)
0.002
0.02
0.001
0.043
LVM/height, g/m2.7
49 (42, 56)
52.5 (46.6, 75.1)
69.2 (52.6, 89.3)
0.04
0.15
0.01
0.08
GLS avg, %
-19 (-17, -20)
-19(-17, -20)
-16.5(-14, -19.0)
0.016
0.91
0.041
0.041
EF: ejection fraction; LV: left ventricle; ESV: end-systolic volume of the left ventricle; EDV: end-diastolic volume of the left ventricle; LVM: left ventricular myocardial mass; LA: left atrium; IVS: interventricular septum; PW: posterior wall of left ventricle; RWT: relative wall thickness of the left ventricle; BSA: body surface area.
