Total Bilirubin Predicts Severe Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy and the Possible Causal Mechanism
Table 3
Odds ratios for severe DR.
Bilirubin (μmol/l)
value
LPS (Eu/ml)
value
Urobilinogen (mg/dl)
value
Unadjusted
0.894 (0.765–0.943)
<0.001
—
—
—
—
Model 1
0.967 (0.912–0.986)
0.016
—
—
—
—
Model 2
0.969 (0.934–1.023)
0.084
2.476 (1.632–3.091)
<0.001
—
—
Model 3
0.992 (0.960–1.104)
0.136
—
—
1.734 (1.234–2.430)
0.009
Model 4
1.013 (0.893–1.347)
0.422
1.985 (1.346–2.808)
0.016
1.702 (1.141–2.336)
0.027
Model 1: adjusted for sex, age, diabetes duration, type of diabetes, FPG, and Hba1c; Model 2: Model 1+LPS; Model 3: Model 1+urobilinogen; Model 4: Model 1+LPS+urobilinogen.