Nomogram-Based Prediction of the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Retrospective Study

Table 1

Differences in characteristics between the training set and the validation set.

Variables	Total ()	Training set ()	Validation set ()	value
Age (years)	(26, 88)	(26, 88)	(28, 85)	0.106
T2DM duration (years)	(1, 61)	(1, 59)	(1, 61)	0.665
Gender				0.102
Female	2412 (57.8%)	1833 (58.6%)	579 (55.7%)
Male	1758 (42.2%)	1297 (41.4%)	461 (44.3%)
FBG (mmol/L)	(3.9, 20.9)	(3.9, 20.9)	(4.4, 19.6)	0.552
PBG (mmol/L)	(6.0, 30.0)	(6.0, 30.0)	(6.2, 29.1)	0.481
HbA1c (%)	(4.6, 13.0)	(4.6, 13.0)	(4.6, 12.6)	0.652
TC (mmol/L)	(2.07, 9.12)	(2.07, 9.12)	(2.26, 9.02)	0.681
TG (mmol/L)	(0.45, 12.33)	(0.45, 12.33)	(0.56, 12.15)	0.202
LDL (mmol/L)	(0.48, 3.20)	(0.49, 3.20)	(0.48, 3.19)	0.729
HDL (mmol/L)	(0.54, 3.10)	(0.54, 3.10)	(0.57, 3.09)	0.770
SCR (μmol/L)	(25, 494)	(25, 378)	(30, 494)	0.412
BUN (mmol/L)	(1.80, 18.84)	(1.80, 18.84)	(1.85, 14.28)	0.217
UA (μmol/L)	(97, 639)	(97, 639)	(123, 629)	0.837
UCR (mmol/L)	(0.53, 18.44)	(0.53, 18.44)	(0.80, 18.33)	0.118
UMA (mg/L)	(0, 270)	(0, 270)	(0, 270)	0.038
SBP (mmHg)	(90, 210)	(90, 210)	(96, 209)	0.041
DBP (mmHg)	(50, 120)	(50, 120)	(51, 118)	0.661
BMI (kg/m^2)	(16.38, 39.45)	(16.38, 39.45)	(16.53, 39.04)	0.729
WHR	(0.69, 1.19)	(0.69, 1.19)	(0.69, 1.17)	0.682