Effects of Metformin Added to Insulin in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: An Exploratory Crossover Randomized Trial

Figure 1

Eligible participants were randomized 1 : 1 to receive metformin (started at a dose of 500 mg daily for 1 week, with a subsequent dose escalation to 500 mg twice daily) added to insulin for 24 weeks followed by insulin treatment alone for a subsequent 24 weeks (sequence A) or vice versa (sequence B), separated by a 2-week washout period. The face-to-face followed-up visits were at weeks 0, 12, 24, 26, 38, and 50.