Strength Training and Insulin Resistance: The Mediating Role of Body Composition

Table 3

Odds of insulin resistance in men reporting no strength training compared to higher amounts of strength training based on hourly cut-points.

Outcome: HOMA (75^th percentile); Variable controlled:	None vs Low		None vs Moderate		None vs High
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Model 1	1.69	0.95-3.00	2.04	1.02-4.08	2.18	1.24-3.86
Model 2	1.62	0.84-3.11	2.69	1.33-5.46	2.95	1.48-5.89
Model 3	1.57	0.82-3.00	2.55	1.26-5.13	2.64	1.33-5.28
Model 4	1.59	0.84-3.05	2.65	1.30-5.40	2.90	1.45-5.83
Model 5	1.55	0.81-2.95	2.45	1.19-5.04	2.60	1.31-5.16
Model 6	1.54	0.81-2.94	2.48	1.21-5.10	2.64	1.33-5.25
Model 7	1.58	0.84-3.00	2.47	1.21-5.01	2.60	1.30-5.20

OR = odds ratio; odds of having insulin resistance (). 95% CI = 95% confidence interval. For the categories representing minutes of strength training, None included men reporting ≤10 minutes per week of strength training. Low included men reporting >10 minutes per week and <60 minutes per week, Moderate included men reporting ≥60 minutes per week and <120 minutes per week, and High included men reporting ≥120 minutes per week. Odds ratios on the same line as a model were adjusted for potential covariates in that model. Model 1 included age, race, and year of assessment as covariates. Model 2 included age, race, year, pack-years of smoking, other physical activity, and BMI. Model 3 included the same covariates as Model 2 plus waist circumference. Model 4 included the same covariates as Model 2 plus fat-free mass (kg). Model 5 included the same covariates as Model 2 plus body fat percentage. Model 6 included the same covariates as Model 2 plus the fat-free mass index. Model 7 included the same covariates as Model 2 plus waist circumference, fat-free mass (kg), body fat percentage, and the fat-free mass index.