Exendin-4 Improves Diabetic Kidney Disease in C57BL/6 Mice Independent of Brown Adipose Tissue Activation

Figure 2

Exendin-4 ameliorated the progress of diabetic nephropathy and activated the renal AMPK pathway. The 24-hour urinary albumin (a) and 24-hour urinary 8-OH-dG (b) were measured by ELISA. (c) Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson staining of kidney. Magnification ×400. (d–f) The renal mRNA expression of TGF-β1, Col-1, and FN, respectively ( per group). Western blot analysis of renal TGF-β1 (g, h) and AMPK (i, j) protein and the quantitative analysis results ( per group). ~8 per group. , , and vs. control group; ^#, ^##, and ^### vs. DM+Exc group; ^&, ^&&, and ^&&& vs. DM-Con group.

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