Tangeretin Inhibition of High-Glucose-Induced IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1, and VEGF Expression in Human RPE Cells

Figure 2

HG levels induced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1, and VEGF in RPE cells. RPE cells were exposed to NG (5.5 mM), HG (30 mM), and mannitol (24.4 mM) for 24 h before the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1, and VEGF were measured. When compared with NG, a real-time PCR and an ELISA kit analysis showed that the mRNA (a–d) and protein (e–h) levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1, and VEGF were upregulated in response to HG. The data shown represents the of three independent experiments. versus NG; versus NG.

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