Journal of Diabetes Research

Research Article

Polymorphisms in Genes of Lipid Metabolism Are Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis, as Comorbidities, and with the Subjects’ Periodontal, Glycemic, and Lipid Profiles

Table 3

Multiple logistic regression analyses for all patients (adjusted by age, sex, and smoking), for patients stratified by sex^‡ (adjusted by age and smoking) and by smoking habits (adjusted by age and sex). Chi-squared test () for genotypic and allelic distributions.

(a)


Gene	Healthy versus periodontitis		Healthy versus T2DM+P		Periodontitis versus T2DM+P
SNP	Healthy versus periodontitis		Healthy versus T2DM+P		Periodontitis versus T2DM+P
LDLR	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value

rs5925
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.96 (0.68–1.36)	0.81	1.01 (0.62–1.62)	0.97	1.13 (0.73–1.75)	0.58
CC	0.92 (0.58–1.46)	0.72	1.12 (0.60–2.06)	0.71	1.02 (0.58–1.79)	0.93

Genotype	0.096		0.355		0.183
Allele	0.031		0.003		0.041
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.31 (0.73–2.37)	0.36	1.21 (0.50–2.89)	0.67	1.15 (0.56–2.36)	0.70
CC	1.13 (0.51–2.50)	0.76	2.50 (0.80–7.82)	0.11	1.07 (0.45–2.60)	0.86
Female^‡
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.82 (0.53–1.27)	0.38	0.95 (0.53–1.69)	0.85	1.21 (0.64–1.94)	0.68
CC	0.83 (0.47–1.47)	0.52	0.81 (0.38–1.72)	0.59	0.99 (0.44–2.05)	0.97
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.91 (0.61–1.38)	0.68	1.04 (0.59–1.86)	0.87	1.16 (0.66–2.01)	0.59
CC	0.97 (0.57–1.70)	0.96	1.20 (0.57–2.50)	0.61	1.11 (0.55–2.23)	0.31
Ever smoking^¶
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.07 (0.55–2.09)	0.83	0.86 (0.36–2.08)	0.73	1.01 (0.48–2.11)	0.97
CC	0.79 (0.32–1.89)	0.59	0.93 (0.30–2.87)	0.91	0.86 (0.33–2.22)	0.18
rs688
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.91 (0.65–1.29)	0.60	0.83 (0.52–1.35)	0.47	0.96 (0.62–1.49)	0.87
TT	0.88 (0.55–1.42)	0.61	0.97 (0.52–1.82)	0.93	0.90 (0.50–1.62)	0.74

Genotype	0.141		0.662		0.280
Allele	0.070		0.116		0.014
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.30 (0.73–2.33)	0.37	1.15 (0.49–2.65)	0.75	0.99 (0.50–1.98)	0.99
TT	0.99 (0.45–2.21)	0.99	1.47 (0.47–4.56)	0.50	0.81 (0.32–2.05)	0.67
Female^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.76 (0.49–1.16)	0.48	0.73 (0.40–1.32)	0.32	0.94 (0.54–1.65)	0.84
TT	0.83 (0.46–1.50)	0.55	0.83 (0.39–1.80)	0.65	0.98 (0.46–2.08)	0.96
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.90 (0.60–1.36)	0.63	0.84 (0.47–1.50)	0.55	0.91 (0.52–1.58)	0.73
TT	0.95 (0.54–1.65)	0.54	1.06 (0.50–2.32)	0.87	0.99 (0.46–2.04)	0.99
Ever smoking^¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.92 (0.48–1.77)	0.80	0.76 (0.32–1.81)	0.53	0.95 (0.46–1.97)	0.90
TT	0.73 (0.29–1.81)	0.50	0.78 (0.24–2.51)	0.67	0.73 (0.27–1.99)	0.54

(b)


APOB	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value

rs676210
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR†		Adjusted OR^†
GG	Ref		Ref		Ref
AG	1.30 (0.91–1.84)	0.15	1.49 (0.93–2.37)	0.09	1.10 (0.72–1.67)	0.65
AA	1.10 (0.38–2.19)	0.78	0.43 (0.13–1.41)	0.16	0.43 (0.16–1.15)	0.09

Genotype	1.867		2.435		1.873
Allele	1.926		0.262		0.438
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
GG	Ref		Ref		Ref
AG	1.10 (0.61–2.01)	0.74	1.23 (0.54–2.79)	0.62	1.26 (0.64–2.46)	0.49
AA	1.59 (0.58–4.38)	0.36	0.59 (0.10–3.44)	0.56	0.54 (0.15–1.90)	0.33
Female^‡
GG	Ref		Ref		Ref
AG	1.43 (0.92–2.21)	0.11	0.63 (0.92–2.87)	0.09	0.99 (0.58–1.69)	0.99
AA	0.75 (0.28–2.02)	0.57	0.28 (0.05–1.66)	0.16	0.30 (0.05–1.63)	0.16
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
Never smoking^¶	Ref		Ref		Ref
AG	1.36 (0.90–2.04)	0.14	1.85 (1.06–3.20)	0.03	1.13 (0.68–1.89)	0.63
AA	0.81 (0.36–1.83)	0.61	0.46 (0.11–1.86)	0.27	0.59 (0.15–2.32)	0.45
Ever smoking^¶
GG	Ref		Ref		Ref
AG	1.15 (0.58–2.28)	0.68	0.80 (0.33–1.94)	0.62	1.03 (0.49–2.15)	0.94
AA	2.93 (0.59–14.49)	0.19	0.23 (0.02–2.58)	0.23	0.20 (0.04–0.96)	0.04
rs1042031
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.73 (0.52–1.03)	0.06	0.47 (0.28–0.77)	0.003	0.75 (0.47–1.18)	0.21
TT	0.65 (0.23–1.85)	0.42	1.38 (0.46–4.12)	0.57	2.40 (0.79–7.21)	0.12

Genotype	3.187		9.236		4.663
Allele	2.875		3.167		0.158
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.92 (0.51–1.64)	0.78	0.78 (0.33–1.82)	0.56	0.96 (0.47–1.92)	0.90
TT	0.34 (0.06–2.08)	0.24	0.92 (0.12–6.72)	0.93	2.56 (0.32–19.92)	0.36
Female^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.64 (0.92–2.21)	0.11	0.34 (0.18–0.65)	0.001	0.62 (0.33–1.13)	0.12
TT	0.92 (0.25–3.33)	0.89	1.74 (0.45–6.60)	0.41	2.29 (0.64–8.30)	0.20
Never smoking ^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.70 (0.47–1.06)	0.09	0.40 (0.21–0.75)	0.004	0.77 (0.42–1.40)	0.39
TT	0.55 (0.15–2.01)	0.37	1.19 (0.29–4.81)	0.80	1.96 (0.45–8.60)	0.37
Ever smoking^¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.78 (0.41–1.46)	0.43	0.80 (0.41–1.46)	0.43	0.64 (0.30–1.34)	0.64
TT	0.89 (0.14–5.64)	0.90	0.89 (0.14–5.64)	0.90	3.84 (0.69–21.39)	0.12
Female+never smoking^¥
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.13 (0.45–2.82)	0.78	0.31 (0.15–0.69)	0.004	0.55 (0.25–1.17)	0.12
TT	0.57 (0.03–9.61)	0.69	1.93 (0.43–8.60)	0.38	2.56 (0.52–12.49)	0.24
rs693
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
GG	Ref		Ref		Ref
AG	1.05 (0.74–1.48)	0.77	0.98 (0.62–1.55)	0.93	0.95 (0.62–1.43)	0.80
AA	0.83 (0.52–1.33)	0.44	0.90 (0.48–1.69)	0.75	0.82 (0.45–1.48)	0.52

Genotype	0.568		0.955		0.137
Allele	0.032		0.154		0.057
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
GG	Ref		Ref		Ref
AG	0.91 (0.51–1.64)	0.76	0.67 (0.29–1.51)	0.33	0.75 (0.38–1.48)	0.41
AA	1.02 (0.49–2.15)	0.94	0.79 (0.27–2.29)	0.67	0.51 (0.21–1.24)	0.14
Female^‡
GG	Ref		Ref		Ref
AG	1.43 (0.92–2.21)	0.11	1.19 (0.68–2.09)	0.52	1.10 (0.64–1.88)	0.71
AA	0.76 (0.28–2.02)	0.57	0.95 (0.43–2.11)	0.91	1.23 (0.55–2.74)	0.60
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
GG	Ref		Ref		Ref
AG	1.22 (0.81–1.83)	0.33	1.07 (0.62–1.86)	0.25	1.04 (0.61–1.75)	0.88
AA	0.77 (0.44–1.36)	0.37	0.91 (0.43–1.96)	0.82	1.01 (0.48–2.14)	0.97
Ever smoking^¶
GG	Ref		Ref		Ref
AG	0.72 (0.37–1.39)	0.33	0.85 (0.36–1.96)	0.70	0.72 (0.35–1.47)	0.37
AA	0.91 (0.38–2.21)	0.85	0.91 (0.29–2.83)	0.87	0.63 (0.24–1.63)	0.34

(c)


ABCC8	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value

rs6544718
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.87 (0.60–1.25)	0.45	0.71 (0.45–1.12)	0.15	0.93 (0.57–1.52)	0.79
TT	1.21 (0.43–3.39)	0.71	0.64 (0.15–2.70)	0.54	0.42 (0.10–1.73)	0.23

Genotype	1.023		NA		NA
Allele	0.072		0.901		1.377
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.75 (0.41–1.37)	0.35	0.37 (0.16–0.83)	0.01	0.74 (0.29–1.87)	0.52
TT	0.75 (0.10–5.45)	0.77	0.89 (0.12–6.19)	0.90	1.96 (0.16–22.84)	0.59
Female^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.95 (0.60–1.50)	0.84	1.01 (0.57–1.77)	0.96	1.06 (0.60–1.89)	0.82
TT	1.43 (0.42–4.76)	0.55	0.40 (0.04–3.99)	0.44	0.17 (0.02–1.55)	0.11
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.90 (0.59–1.38)	0.65	0.69 (0.38–1.27)	0.24	0.66 (0.36–1.20)	0.17
TT	0.59 (0.14–2.39)	0.46	1.36 (0.08–22.70)	0.83	0.15 (0.01–1.35)	0.09
Ever smoking^†¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.78 (0.39–1.54)	0.47	0.72 (0.36–1.44)	0.35	1.88 (0.71–4.98)	0.20
TT	3.94 (0.46–33.82)	0.21	0.51 (0.89–2.91)	0.45	2.46 (0.29–20.84)	0.40
rs6544713
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.06 (0.76–1.49)	0.69	0.93 (0.61–1.41)	0.74	1.04 (0.66–1.62)	0.86
TT	1.10 (0.61–1.98)	0.74	1.30 (0.63–2.67)	0.46	1.21 (0.59–2.4)	0.59

Genotype	0.379		0.491		0.081
Allele	0.384		0.504		0.032
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.04 (0.59–1.81)	0.84	0.75 (0.39–1.45)	0.40	0.73 (0.34–1.56)	0.42
TT	0.67 (0.22–2.03)	0.48	0.61 (0.16–2.30)	0.47	1.32 (0.29–6.06)	0.71
Female^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.06 (0.69–1.62)	0.78	1.07 (0.62–1.83)	0.80	1.25 (0.71–2.18)	0.42
TT	1.34 (0.66–2.71)	0.40	1.90 (0.79–4.57)	0.15	1.23 (0.55–2.74)	0.59
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.89 (0.60–1.33)	0.58	0.88 (0.51–1.50)	0.64	0.84 (0.49–1.44)	0.54
TT	1.02 (0.51–2.02)	0.94	1.46 (0.57–3.71)	0.41	0.86 (0.36–2.04)	0.73
Ever smoking^†¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.70 (0.88–3.26)	0.10	1.00 (0.51–1.94)	0.99	1.52 (0.66–3.53)	0.32
TT	1.29 (0.39–4.20)	0.67	1.06 (0.34–3.27)	0.91	2.84 (0.73–10.95)	0.12

(d)


LPL	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value

rs285
All patients^†	Adjusted OR†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.87 (0.60–1.26)	0.48	0.71 (0.44–1.14)	0.16	0.88 (0.53–1.43)	0.61
CC	0.71 (0.46–1.11)	0.13	0.86 (0.50–1.46)	0.58	0.95 (0.55–1.66)	0.88

Genotype	1.566		1.76		1.166
Allele	1.445		0.144		0.399
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.44 (0.23–0.85)	0.01	0.62 (0.29–1.33)	0.22	0.91 (0.39–2.11)	0.83
CC	0.64 (0.29–1.37)	0.25	0.49 (0.20–1.22)	0.13	0.71 (0.26–1.93)	0.51
Female^‡
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.22 (0.76–1.94)	0.39	0.76 (0.41–1.39)	0.38	0.83 (0.45–1.54)	0.45
CC	0.74 (0.43–1.29)	0.29	1.17 (0.60–2.29)	0.62	1.06 (0.54–2.08)	0.85
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.94 (0.60–1.46)	0.78	0.79 (0.38–1.30)	0.26	0.95 (0.52–1.74)	0.88
CC	0.90 (0.53–1.50)	0.69	0.93 (0.48–1.79)	0.83	1.16 (0.60–2.21)	0.64
Ever smoking^†¶
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.70 (0.34–1.44)	0.34	0.69 (0.33–1.47)	0.34	0.53 (0.20–1.39)	0.20
CC	0.38 (0.16–0.89)	0.02	0.75 (0.29–1.93)	0.55	1.04 (0.18–1.78)	0.33
rs3735964
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
AC	0.76 (0.50–1.14)	0.19	1.12 (0.67–1.86)	0.64	1.10 (0.62–1.87)	0.70
AA	0.77 (0.21–2.82)	0.69	1	—	1	—

Genotype	NA		NA		NA
Allele	1.738		0.767		0.045
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
AC	0.62 (0.31–1.24)	0.18	1.95 (0.88–2.40)	0.09	1.15 (0.49–2.68)	0.74
AA	1	—	—	—	1	—
Female^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
AC	0.83 (0.50–1.39)	0.48	1.07 (0.62–1.83)	0.80	1.02 (0.51–2.06)	0.93
AA	0.62 (0.15–2.57)	0.51	1.90 (0.79–4.57)	0.15	1	—
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
AC	0.69 (0.42–1.14)	0.15	1.77 (0.94–3.33)	0.07	1.29 (0.71–2.35)	0.39
AA	0.60 (0.14–2.48)	0.48	1	—	1	—
Ever smoking^†¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
AC	0.93 (0.44–1.96)	0.84	0.52 (0.21–1.27)	0.15	0.60 (0.19–1.89)	0.38
AA	1	—	—	—	1	—
rs13702
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.88 (0.62–1.25)	0.49	0.97 (0.62–1.52)	0.98	0.74 (0.46–1.20)	0.23
CC	1.07 (0.62–1.83)	0.80	1.20 (0.62–2.34)	0.57	1.44 (0.70–2.98)	0.31

Genotype	0.695		2.215		1.092
Allele	0.581		0.547		0.011
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.77 (0.42–1.39)	0.39	1.92 (0.92–3.99)	0.08	0.86 (0.36–2.04)	0.73
CC	1.26 (0.51–3.11)	0.61	4.38 (1.52–12.58)	0.006	2.17 (0.69–6.81)	0.18
Female^‡
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.94 (0.60–1.46)	0.79	0.64 (0.36–1.13)	0.68	0.68 (0.38–1.20)	0.18
CC	0.98 (0.50–1.93)	0.96	0.47 (0.18–1.20)	0.11	1.10 (0.40–2.97)	0.85
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.74 (0.49–1.12)	0.16	0.98 (0.56–1.73)	0.95	0.81 (0.46–1.42)	0.47
CC	0.79 (0.43–1.46)	0.46	0.74 (0.30–1.85)	0.53	0.92 (0.37–2.26)	0.86
Ever smoking^†¶
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.35 (0.70–2.59)	0.36	1.02 (0.49–2.11)	0.94	0.56 (0.23–1.39)	0.21

(e)


HNF1A	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value

rs2650000
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
AC	0.82 (0.59–1.15)	0.26	1.18 (0.78–1.79)	0.42	0.80 (0.51–1.24)	0.32
AA	0.87 (0.49–1.52)	0.63	0.96 (0.49–1.85)	0.90	1.14 (0.56–2.35)	0.70

Genotype	1.098		1.071		0.021
Allele	0.181		0.193		0.006
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
AC	1.10 (0.62–1.94)	0.72	1.68 (0.85–3.32)	0.13	0.96 (0.45–2.04)	0.91
AA	1.76 (0.67–4.58)	0.24	0.55 (0.18–1.62)	0.28	0.71 (0.19–2.65)	0.61
Female^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
AC	0.71 (0.47–1.08)	0.11	0.95 (0.55–1.61)	0.85	0.71 (0.41–1.22)	0.22
AA	0.56 (0.27–1.16)	0.12	1.43 (0.61–3.33)	0.40	1.33 (0.57–3.10)	0.50
Never smoking	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
AC	0.68 (0.46–1.01)	0.61	1.56 (0.91–2.68)	0.10	1.00 (0.58–1.69)	0.99
AA	0.96 (0.49–1.86)	0.90	1.38 (0.62–3.07)	0.42	1.70 (0.73–3.94)	0.21
Ever smoking^†¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
AC	1.34 (0.70–2.57)	0.36	0.80 (0.41–1.57)	0.53	0.60 (0.26–1.37)	0.23
AA	0.73 (0.26–2.03)	0.55	0.48 (0.14–1.61)	0.24	0.58 (0.15–2.25)	0.43

(f)


APOE	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value

rs429358
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.06 (0.73–1.54)	0.73	0.84 (0.52–1.36)	0.48	0.84 (0.45–1.12)	0.15
CC	1.79 (0.63–5.05)	0.27	0.43 (0.11–1.64)	0.21	0.64 (0.15–2.7)	0.54

Genotype	1.032		NA		NA
Allele	0.611		0.399		1.649
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.22 (0.64–2.33)	0.54	0.73 (0.34–1.53)	0.41	0.86 (0.36–2.05)	0.73
CC	4.76 (0.56–40.48)	0.15	1	—	1	—
Female^‡
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.98 (0.62–1.56)	0.96	0.91 (0.48–1.72)	0.79	0.69 (0.36–1.31)	0.26
CC	1.06 (0.28–3.95)	0.92	0.78 (0.18–3.36)	0.74	2.28 (0.31–16.53)	0.41
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.15 (0.74–1.79)	0.52	0.86 (0.47–1.60)	0.65	0.87 (0.47–1.61)	0.67
CC	0.93 (0.28–5.36)	0.77	0.60 (0.11–3.31)	0.56	5.04 (0.39–63.54)	0.21
Ever smoking^†¶
TT	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.88 (0.43–1.77)	0.72	0.76 (0.34–1.66)	0.49	0.40 (0.14–1.09)	0.07
TT	1	—	1	—	8.56 (0.42–174.7)	0.16
rs7412
All patients
CC	Ref		Ref
CT	0.91 (0.55–1.50)	0.72	1.15 (0.63–2.08)	0.64	1.30 (0.69–2.46)	0.41
TT	1	—	1	—	3.41 (0.50–23.19)	0.20

Genotype	NA		NA		NA
Allele	1.831		0.4281		3.407
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.13 (0.45–2.82)	0.78	1.87 (0.71–4.92	0.20	2.92 (0.88–9.63)	0.07
TT	1	—	1	—	1.29 (0.01–142.0)	0.91
Female^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.83 (0.45–1.52)	0.56	0.84 (0.39–1.84)	0.68	0.92 (0.41–2.03)	0.83
TT	1	—	1	—	4.03 (0.46–34.93)	0.20
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.97 (0.53–1.76)	0.93	1.40 (0.69–2.83)	0.34	1.64 (0.79–3.40)	0.17
TT	1	—	1	—	2.35 (0.16–33.59)	0.52
Ever smoking^†¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.77 (0.30–1.95)	0.58	0.71 (0.23–2.17)	0.55	0.83 (.020–3.33)	0.79
TT	1	—	1	—	8.56 (0.42–174.7)	0.16

(g)


HNF4A	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value	Adj OR (95% CI)	value

rs1800961
All patients^†	Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†		Adjusted OR^†
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.90 (0.45–1.82)	0.78	1.96 (1.01–3.80)	0.04	3.75 (1.64–8.60)	0.002
TT	1	—	1	—	1	—

Genotype	NA		NA		NA
Allele	0.114		4.592		6
Male^‡	Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡		Adjusted OR^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	1.50 (0.46–4.92)	0.49	1.48 (0.52–4.21)	0.45	6.08 (1.25–29.48)	0.02
TT	—	—	—	—	—	—
Female^‡
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.67 (0.27–1.66)	0.39	2.36 (1.01–5.56)	0.04	3.23 (1.22–8.58)	0.01
TT	1	—	1	—	1	—
Never smoking^¶	Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶		Adjusted OR^¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.97 (0.43–2.19)	0.95	1.84 (0.77–4.35)	0.16	2.96 (1.16–7.53)	0.02
TT	1	—	—	—	1	—
Ever smoking^†¶
CC	Ref		Ref		Ref
CT	0.72 (0.18–2.83)	0.64	2.14 (0.76–6.01)	0.14	6.23 (0.74–52.09)	0.09
TT	1	—	1	—	1	—

Bold font indicates ; indicates statistical significance after Bonferroni correction (). ^†OR with 95% CI were estimated by multiple logistic regression models after controlling for age, sex, and smoking. ^‡OR with 95% CI were estimated by multiple logistic regression models after controlling for age and smoking. ^¶OR with 95% CI were estimated by multiple logistic regression models after controlling for age and sex. ^¥OR with 95% CI were estimated by multiple logistic regression models after controlling for age, considering only females who never smoked. Abbreviations: OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.