|
| Study | Intervention |
|
| Merakou et al. [44] | 6-hour educational program; two hours per week, and spread in three sessions over a period of 3 weeks |
| Kazawa et al. [45] | 12 months educational program incorporating behavior modification theories such as the transtheoretical model, motivation interviewing, and social support theory |
| Dyson et al. [46] | Video education—the patients watched three lifestyle videos in their own time |
| Brunisholz et al. [47] | 12 months educational program involving instructions in self-monitoring of glucose levels, diet/exercise education, medication management, motivation for self-management, diabetes related problem solving, and lifestyle changes |
| Kazawa & Moriyama [48] | Self-management skills acquisition program on predialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy |
| Gagliardino et al. [49] | 4-week structured education delivered by previously trained peers |
| Rygg et al. [50] | 15-hour educational program, spread over three sessions, focusing on information about type 2 diabetes and its complications, diet, physical activity, and improving metabolic control |
| Yeung et al. [64] | 2.5-year empowerment-based intervention involving 6 months low intensity and 24 months high-intensity education and support; the high-intensity education consisted of weekly group-based 75-minute support sessions |
| Davies et al. [63] | 6-hour group education delivered in either one day or two half days equivalents |
| Pena-Purcell et al. [51] | 2-hour 5 weekly sessions focusing on experiential and group activities to reinforce lesson concepts |
| Huang et al. [52] | Ongoing educational intervention with instructions on self-monitoring of glucose, medications, exercise, hygiene (foot care), and complication management |
| Song et al. [53] | 6-week web-based intervention comprising an introduction, understanding diabetes, dietary management, exercise management, drug and test management, stress management, and foot care |
| Banister et al. [54] | 4 hours of education followed by individual dietitian consults and monthly support meetings |
| Goudswaard et al. [55] | 6-month 3-6 weekly sessions focusing on general information on diabetes, reinforcing compliance with actual medication, importance of physical exercise and losing body weight, and nutritional advice |
| Samuel-Hodge et al. [56] | 12 months education: 8 months intensive phase consisting of 1 individual counselling visit, 12 group sessions, monthly phone contacts and 3 encouragement postcards, and 4 months reinforcement phase including telephone contacts |
| Glasgow et al. [57] | Internet-based educational program incorporating tailored self-management training and peer support |
| Rickheim et al. [58] | 6 months education in 4 sequential sessions delivered at consistent time intervals |
| Deakin et al. [59] | The X-PERT program involving 6 weekly sessions, each lasting 2 hours long |
| Vincent [60] | 8-week intervention consisting of 8-weekly 2-hour group sessions (including didactic content), cooking demonstrations, and group support sessions |
| Scain et al. [61] | 8-hour structured group education program delivered in 4 sessions for 4 weeks, by a trained nurse educator |
| Two Feathers [62] | Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Detroit partnership diabetes lifestyle intervention focusing on improving dietary, physical activity, and diabetes self-care behaviors |
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