Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain Are Associated with Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes Based on Chinese Women
Table 3
BMI in early pregnancy on maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes.
Outcomes
Early pregnancy BMI
Univariate analysis
Multivariate analysis
OR (95% CI)
OR (95% CI)
Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes
Total
Underweight
0.616 (0.388-0.975)
0.039
0.691 (0.429-1.112)
0.128
Normal weight
Ref
Ref
Overweight
1.926 (1.198-3.094)
0.007
1.643 (1.006-2.684)
0.048
Obesity
6.924 (2.411-19.883)
<0.001
5.760 (1.977-16.786)
0.001
Maternal complications
Underweight
1.266 (0.729-2.198)
0.403
1.395 (0.795-2.446)
0.246
Normal weight
Ref
Ref
Overweight
2.140 (1.329-3.446)
0.002
1.937 (1.188-3.159)
0.008
Obesity
3.678 (1.980-6.832)
<0.001
3.112 (1.645-5.887)
0.001
GDM
Underweight
0.615 (0.304-1.244)
0.176
0.671 (0.328-1.372)
0.274
Normal weight
Ref
Ref
Overweight
1.668 (0.989-2.814)
0.055
1.467 (0.855-2.516)
0.164
Obesity
3.534 (1.855-6.733)
<0.001
2.943 (1.509-5.741)
0.002
Parturition outcome
Cesarean delivery
Underweight
0.525 (0.329-0.839)
0.007
0.603 (0.370-0.981)
0.042
Normal weight
Ref
Ref
Overweight
1.618 (1.070-2.448)
0.023
1.312 (0.848-2.028)
0.183
Obesity
2.294 (1.247-4.222)
0.008
1.899 (1.002-3.599)
0.049
Adverse neonatal outcome
Underweight
0.843 (0.511-1.391)
0.503
0.883 (0.528-1.475)
0.634
Normal weight
Ref
Ref
Overweight
1.522 (0.989-2.340)
0.056
1.433 (0.917-2.240)
0.115
Obesity
1.481 (0.812-2.700)
0.201
1.258 (0.671-2.359)
0.474
LGA
Underweight
0.581 (0.251-1.343)
0.204
0.673 (0.287-1.579)
0.363
Normal weight
Ref
Ref
Overweight
2.230 (1.271-3.912)
0.005
1.905 (1.061-3.422)
0.031
Obesity
2.293 (1.095-4.802)
0.028
1.709 (0.784-3.726)
0.178
Premature delivery
Underweight
1.519 (0.498-4.629)
0.462
1.494 (0.477-4.676)
0.491
Normal weight
Ref
Ref
Overweight
1.676 (0.610-4.599)
0.316
2.512 (0.838-7.529)
0.100
Obesity
3.268 (1.054-10.132)
0.040
4.752 (1.395-16.185)
0.013
Other neonatal complications
Underweight
0.625 (0.280-1.393)
0.250
0.570 (0.253-1.281)
0.173
Normal weight
Ref
Ref
Overweight
1.257 (0.682-2.320)
0.464
1.418 (0.756-2.659)
0.277
Obesity
1.038 (0.423-2.543)
0.937
1.218 (0.484-3.062)
0.675
Notes: multivariate analysis was adjusted for age, education level, history of miscarriage, number of pregnancies, and medication history. BMI: body mass index; GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; LGA: large for gestational age; OR: odds ratio.
