Research Article
The Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in a Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 3
Characteristics of male subjects with or without diabetic retinopathy.
| | Non-DR | DR | value |
| | 491 | 233 | — | | Age (y) | | | <0.001 | | BMI (kg/m2) | | | 0.014 | | Waist circumference (cm) | | | 0.141 | | Waist-to-hip ratio | | | 0.991 | | Systolic BP (mmHg) | | | 0.004 | | Diastolic BP (mmHg) | | | 0.643 | | Smoking (%) | 230 (46.8) | 112 (48.1) | 0.811 | | Drinking (%) | 128 (26.1) | 56 (24.0) | 0.584 | | Diabetes duration (y) | | | <0.001 | | HbA1c (%) | | | 0.003 | | FPG (mmol/L) | | | 0.045 | | FCP (pmol/L) | | | <0.001 | | BUN (mmol/L) | | | 0.605 | | Creatinine (μmol/L) | | | 0.958 | | ACR (mg/g) | | | <0.001 | | Triglycerides (mmol/L) | | | 0.557 | | Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | | | 0.772 | | HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | | | 0.525 | | LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | | | 0.696 | | FSH (mIU/mL) | | | <0.001 | | LH (mIU/mL) | | | <0.001 | | Estradiol (pmol/L) | | | 0.109 | | Testosterone (nmol/L) | | | 0.177 | | DHEAS (μg/dL) | | | 0.009 | | SHBG (nmol/L) | | | <0.001 |
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Abbreviation: DR: diabetic retinopathy; BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; FCP: fasting plasma C-peptide; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; ACR: urinary microalbumin-creatinine ratio; FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone; LH: luteinizing hormone; DHEAS: sulfated dehydroepiandrosterone; SHBG: sex hormone-binding globulin. Data are shown as or number (percentage). |
