Strong Association of Waist Circumference (WC), Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), and Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) with Diabetes: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Jilin Province, China

Table 1

Characteristics of the included participants aged 40 years or older ().

Characteristics	Diabetes
	Yes	No
Sex			0.293	0.588
Male	154 (9.5)	1465 (90.5)
Female	244 (10.0)	2189 (90.0)
Age			46.527	<0.001
40~	77 (5.6)	1299 (94.4)
50~	150 (10.9)	1222 (89.1)
60~	128 (12.7)	881 (87.3)
70~	43 (14.6)	252 (85.4)
Area			1.829	0.169
Urban	190 (9.2)	1877 (90.8)
Rural	208 (10.5)	1777 (89.5)
Education			13.187	0.004
Primary school and below	159 (11.0)	1287 (89.0)
Junior middle school	164 (9.7)	1532 (90.3)
Senior middle school	57 (10.6)	480 (89.4)
College and above	18 (4.8)	355 (95.2)
Smoking			0.768	0.381
Yes	127 (9.2)	1246 (90.8)
No	271 (10.1)	2408 (89.9)
Drinking			3.433	0.064
Yes	90 (8.4)	984 (91.6)
No	308 (10.3)	2670 (89.7)
Family history of diabetes			100.586	<0.001
Yes	141 (20.1)	562 (79.9)
No	257 (7.7)	3092 (92.3)
Regular exercise			2.477	0.116
Yes	297 (9.4)	2853 (90.6)
No	101 (11.2)	801 (88.8)