Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Women with Diabetes in Pregnancy Treated before and after the Introduction of a Standardized Multidisciplinary Management Protocol

Table 3

Maternal outcomes of women with diabetes in pregnancy who delivered before (group 1) and after (group 2) the introduction of a standardized multidisciplinary management protocol.

	Group 1	Group 2
	Before protocol	After protocol
	: 55	76
Gestational age at delivery, weeks			0.476
Induction of labor	14 (25.5)	29 (38.2)	0.137
Response to induction	4 (28.6)	25 (86.2)	<0.001
Mode of delivery			<0.001
Vaginal delivery	18 (32.7)	49 (64.5)
Cesarean section	37 (67.3)	27 (35.5)
Operative vaginal delivery	4 (22.2)	6 (12.2)	0.439
Episiotomy	8 (44.4)	11 (22.4)	0.124
Vaginoperineal tears	8 (44.4)	28 (57.1)	0.439
Postpartum hemorrhage	3 (5.5)	1 (1.3)	0.309
Length of first stage, minutes			0.799
Length of second stage, minutes			0.688

Data are given as number (percentage) or . Significant values in bold. These numbers and percentages refer to women undergoing induction of labor. These number and percentages refer to women with vaginal delivery.