Additive Effect of Sarcopenia and Anemia on the 10-Year Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Table 2

Association between changes in the 10-year CVD risk and changes in ASMI and HGB in patients with diabetes.

	Low-low	Low-high		OR(95% CI)^a	High-low	High-high		OR (95% CI)
HGB decreased	108 (27.1%)	13 (25.0%)	0.809	1.217 (0.490,3.025)	11 (40.7%)	20 (31.3%)	0.329	——
HGB stabilized	228 (57.1%)	29 (55.8%)		1.217 (0.449,3.900)	16 (59.3%)	40 (62.5%)		——
HGB increased	63 (15.8%)	10 (19.2%)		1	——	4 (6.3%)		——
ASMI decreased	123 (30.9%)	24 (46.2%)	0.046	3.263 (1.315,8.100)^b	10 (37.0%)	27 (42.2%)	0.876	1.630 (0.294,9.031)
ASMI stabilized	123 (30.9%)	16 (30.8%)		1.470 (0.579,3.749)	7 (25.9%)	14 (21.9%)		0.518 (0.113,2.373)
ASMI increased	152 (38.2%)	12 (23.0%)		1	10 (37.0%)	23 (35.9%)		1

Abbreviations: CVD: cardiovascular disease; HGB: hemoglobin concentration; ASMI: appendicular skeletal muscle mass index; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. ^aLogistic regression model adjusted for age, diabetes duration, diabetic complications, body mass index, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, albumin, creatinine, and smoking status. ^b.