Comparative Assessment of the Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety of Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin as Add-on Therapy to Hypoglycemic Drugs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Table 1

Baseline demographics and clinical parameters of study participants.

	Dapagliflozin ()	Empagliflozin ()	value
Male, n (%)	122 (52.1%)	136 (58.1%)	0.193
Age, years	63 (55, 67)	61 (54, 68)	0.337
Body weight, kg	72.4 (63.5, 81.4)	70.9 (62.4, 82.2)	0.592
SBP, mmHg	141 (127, 152)	140 (128, 151)	0.986
DBP, mmHg	78 (72, 87)	80 (74, 88)	0.082
FPG, mg/dL	165 (143, 187)	161 (136, 189)	0.734
HbA1c, %	8.1 (7.6, 9.0)	8.1 (7.5, 8.9)	0.536
ALT, IU/L	27 (21, 39)	26 (20, 39)	0.943
Scr, mg/dL	0.84 (0.65, 1.01)	0.87 (0.69, 1.03)	0.136
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m^2	83.6 (68.3, 99.2)	82.0 (67.2, 97.1)	0.321
CHOL(T), mg/dL	158 (137, 179)	168 (144, 189)	0.003
Triglyceride, mg/dL	126 (89, 180)	127 (89, 178)	0.903
LDL-C, mg/dL	86 (71, 103)	93 (76, 113)	0.001
HDL-C, mg/dL	43 (36, 50)	44 (36, 54)	0.294
Co morbidities, n(%)
Hypertension	161 (68.8%)	142 (60.7%)	0.066
Dyslipidemia	189 (80.8%)	168 (71.8%)	0.022
History of stroke/TIA	16 (6.8%)	26 (11.1%)	0.106
CAD (MI, IHD)	37 (15.8%)	35 (15.0%)	0.798
Heart failure	10 (4.3%)	13 (5.6%)	0.521
Heart arrhythmia	8 (3.4%)	10 (4.3%)	0.631
Concomitant medication, n(%)
Metformin	132 (56.4%)	145 (62.0%)	0.221
Sulfonylurea	137 (58.5%)	129 (55.1%)	0.455
Pioglitazone	62 (26.5%)	68 (29.1%)	0.536
DPP-4 inhibitor	130 (55.6%)	83 (35.5%)	<0.001
Acarbose	30 (12.8%)	20 (8.5%)	0.135
Insulin	74 (31.6%)	68 (29.1%)	0.546
GLP-1 agonist	6 (2.6%)	11 (4.7%)	0.217

Data are shown as median (IQR). ALT: alanine aminotransferase; CAD: coronary artery disease; CHOT(T): total cholesterol; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; DDP-4: dipeptidyl peptidase-4; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide-1; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol level; IHD: ischemic heart disease; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level; MI: myocardial infarction; SBP: systolic blood pressure; Scr: serum creatinine; TIA: transient ischemic attack. value <0.05 were considered statistically significant.