Longitudinal Associations of Newly Diagnosed Prediabetes and Diabetes with Cognitive Function among Chinese Adults Aged 45 Years and Older

Table 3

Eight-year association between baseline diabetic status and subsequent cognitive function according to biological sex.

Baseline diabetic status	Cognitive function (follow-up), unstandardized estimate (95% CI)^#
	Female			Male
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Others ^a	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Prediabetes	-0.26 (-0.66~0.14)	-0.17 (-0.53~0.19)	-0.30 (-0.74~0.13)	0.36 (-0.04~0.76)	0.31 (-0.07~0.68)	-0.32 (-0.99~0.36)
Diabetes	-0.72 (-1.26~-0.17)	-0.55 (-1.04~-0.06)	-0.75 (-1.43~-0.07)	-0.28 (-0.82~0.26)	0.003 (-0.07~0.68)	0.36 (-0.10~0.82)

Abbreviation: 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; Ref: reference. ^aOthers, individuals without prediabetes or diabetes. Model 1: adjusting for age, marital status, education level, ever smoking, ever drinking, self-comment about health, hypertension, dyslipidemia, BMI, and depressive symptoms at baseline. Model 2: adjusting for the variables in model 1 plus cognitive function at baseline. Model 3: adjusting for the variables in model 2 plus clinical variables including blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, cystatin C, and HbA_1C. .