Longitudinal Associations of Newly Diagnosed Prediabetes and Diabetes with Cognitive Function among Chinese Adults Aged 45 Years and Older

Table 4

Eight-year association between baseline diabetic status and subsequent cognitive function according to age.

Baseline diabetic status	Cognitive function (follow-up), unstandardized estimate (95% CI)
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
	Others^a	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Prediabetes	-0.08 (-0.43~0.26)	-0.22 (-0.65~0.22)	-0.56 (-1.16~0.05)	0.04 (-0.49~0.56)	0.17 (-0.29~0.62)	-0.52 (-1.33~0.30)
Diabetes	-0.39 (-0.86~0.07)	-0.07 (-0.39~0.25)	-0.18 (-0.59~0.23)	-1.09 (-1.82~-0.36)	-0.53 (-1.16~0.10)	0.26 (-0.26~0.78)

Abbreviation: 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; Ref: reference. ^aOthers, individuals without prediabetes or diabetes. Model 1: adjusting for age, marital status, education level, ever smoking, ever drinking, self-comment about health, hypertension, dyslipidemia, BMI, and depressive symptoms at baseline. Model 2: adjusting for the variables in model 1 plus cognitive function at baseline. Model 3: adjusting for the variables in model 2 plus clinical variables including blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, cystatin C, and HbA_1C. .