Longitudinal Associations of Newly Diagnosed Prediabetes and Diabetes with Cognitive Function among Chinese Adults Aged 45 Years and Older

Table 5

Clinical characteristics associated with cognitive function among patients with different diabetic statuses.

Baseline characteristics	Cognitive function (follow-up, )
	Prediabetes		Diabetes		Others^a
	Unstandardized estimate (95% CI)^#	value	Unstandardized estimate (95% CI)^#	value	Unstandardized estimate (95% CI)^#	value
BUN (mg/dL)	0.040 (-0.023~0.102)	0.210	-0.008 (-0.098~0.083)	0.863	0.014 (-0.023~0.050)	0.467
Creatinine (mg/dL)	-0.419 (-2.348~1.510)	0.670	-0.788 (-3.330~1.852)	0.591	0.690 (-0.398~1.777)	0.214
TG (mg/dL)	-0.004 (-0.007~-0.001)	0.037	0.001 (-0.004~0.002)	0.721	0.001 (-0.002~0.004)	0.397
HDL-c (mg/dL)	-0.006 (-0.026~0.015)	0.569	0.001 (-0.027~0.028)	0.969	-0.002 (-0.014~0.010)	0.743
LDL-c (mg/dL)	0.000 (-0.008~0.007)	0.921	0.002 (-0.009~0.013)	0.742	-0.001 (-0.005~0.004)	0.811
Hs-CRP (mg/dL)	-0.028 (-0.071~0.016)	0.210	-0.066 (-0.121~-0.012)	0.017	0.008 (-0.018~0.033)	0.556
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	-0.049 (-0.189~0.092)	0.497	0.026 (-0.169~0.221)	0.795	0.033 (-0.037~0.103)	0.353
Cystatin C (mg/L)	0.013 (-1.451~1.476)	0.987	0.892 (-1.379~3.163)	0.441	-0.757 (-1.513~-0.001)	0.050
HbA1c (%)	0.629 (0.046~1.212)	0.034	-0.046 (-0.363~0.272)	0.795	0.021 (-0.417~0.458)	0.926

Abbreviation: BUN: blood urea nitrogen; TG: triglyceride; HDL-c: HDL cholesterol; LDL-c: LDL cholesterol; Hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. ^aOthers, individuals without prediabetes or diabetes. Continuous variable with 1-unit increase. ^#Models were adjusted for age, gender, marital status, education level, ever smoking, ever drinking, self-comment about health, hypertension, dyslipidemia, BMI, depressive symptoms, and cognition function at baseline. All variables entered in the models were examined by collinearity diagnostics, and total cholesterol was excluded.