Nutritional Interventions May Improve Outcomes of Patients Operated on for Diabetic Foot Infections: A Single-Center Case-Control Study

Table 2

Univariate and multivariate associations (Cox regression analyses with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals) targeted to the outcome “clinical failure”.

Clinical failures,	Univariate	Multivariate
Receiving insulin therapy	0.9, 0.7-1.2	0.8, 0.2-2.8
Diabetic foot osteomyelitis present	1.1, 0.8-1.5	1.1, 0.2-4.8
Peripheral arterial disease present	1.1, 0.8-1.5	-
Underwent revascularisation	1.2, 0.9-1.5	2.0, 0.6-7.2
Body mass index at admission	1.0, 1.0-1.0	0.9, 0.9-1.0
Regular alcohol consumption	1.3, 0.9-1.7	-
Smoking	1.3, 1.0-1.7	-
History of involuntary weight loss	1.6, 1.1-2.6	-
Amount of patient-recalled weight loss	1.0, 0.8-1.2	0.9, 0.1-6.1
Serum albumin level at admission	0.9, 0.8-0.9	-
NRS-Score at admission (continuous variable)	1.0, 0.7-1.3	-
NRS-Score 1 point	0.2, 0.1-0.8	0.1, 0.1-0.7
Score 2 points	0.1, 0.1-0.5	0.1, 0.1-0.8
Score 3 points	0.2, 0.1-0.7	0.1, 0.1-0.7
Score 4 points	0.2, 0.1-1.1	0.2, 0.1-2.6
Score 5 points	0.3, 0.1-1.1	0.2, 0.1-1.4
Vitamin supplementation	1.2, 0.9-1.6	1.4, 0.4-4.6
Duration of antibiotic therapy	1.0, 1.0-1.0	-
Duration of intravenous administration	1.0, 1.0-1.0	-

Significant results are displayed in bold. “-” = not included in the model due to interaction (effect modification) or clinical irrelevance regarding the study question; NRS = Nutritional Risk Screening Score 2002.