Understanding Daily, Emotional, and Physical Burdens and Needs of Parents Caring for Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Table 3

Three exploratory logistic regressions of daily, emotional, and physical burdens of parents living with a child with type 1 diabetes.

High daily burden	(SE)			95% CI
Child’s current age	-0.15 (0.03)	< 0.0001	0.86	0.82-0.91
HbA1c	0.22 (0.07)	0.001	1.25	1.10-1.44
Mothers	1.10 (0.22)	< 0.0001	3.00	1.97-4.58
Parent’s current age	0.04 (0.02)	0.008	1.04	1.01-1.07
Diabetes technology use (≥1)	0.44 (0.18)	0.017	1.55	1.08-2.21
High emotional burden	(SE)			95% CI
HbA1c	0.15 (0.07)	0.032	1.16	1.01-1.32
Mothers	0.92 (0.20)	<0.0001	2.51	1.71-3.69
High physical burden	(SE)			95% CI
Child’s current age	-0.11 (0.03)	< 0.0001	0.90	0.85-0.95
Mothers	0.93 (0.30)	0.002	2.53	1.41-4.54
Not born in Germany	0.93 (0.24)	< 0.0001	2.52	1.59-4.00
Parent’s current age	0.04 (0.02)	0.016	1.04	1.01-1.08
Living arrangement/single parent	0.63 (0.22)	0.004	1.88	1.23-2.88
Diabetes technology use (≥1)	0.47 (0.24)	0.045	1.61	1.01-2.56

Note: burden measures were dichotomized as high (“high” and “very high”) or low (“very low,” “low,” and “moderate”) for logistic regression. Daily burden, : , model , . Emotional burden, : , model , . Physical burden, : , model , . Ten independent variables were the child’s current age, HbA1c, disease duration, and technology use and parents’ gender, age, education, living arrangement/single parent, immigrant status, and the number of children. Because of the exploratory nature of the analysis, the significance level was set at .