Currently, the most traditional treatments for diabetes are oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin therapy. Nontraditional treatment methods include nondrug therapy, unique treatment, emerging treatment, and application of natural hypoglycemic drugs and ingredients. Nondrug therapy, such as exercise, nutrition, diet control, and psychotherapy, has achieved certain effects in some patients but has not attracted enough attention. In some countries (e.g., China and India), there are some effective and unique treatments using these methods. However these are not widely recognized and promoted. These emerging treatment methods include gene therapy, surgical treatment, and gut microbiota regulation therapy.

Traditional treatment methods have played an extremely important role in the treatment of diabetes but, at the same time, have various defects. Alternative and more effective treatments need to be searched, explored, and studied. Especially in nature, where there are many substances that are conducive to the prevention and treatment of diabetes. For example, in recent years, Amelanchier alnifolia, Dillenia indica and Chrysophyllum albidum have been found to have significant antidiabetic effects. Further research is still being conducted regarding these effects.

The aim of the Special Issue is to focus on nontraditional treatments and their applications and complications in diabetic patients. We hope that this Special Issue includes submissions aiming to improve efficacy, reduce side effects, improve patients’ quality of life, and reduce the cost of medical care.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Food therapy and medical diet therapy for diabetic patients
• Lifestyle intervention for diabetic patients
• Athletic therapy for diabetic patients
• Psychotherapy for diabetic patients
• Gene therapy for diabetic patients
• Surgical treatment for diabetic patients
• Gut microbiota regulation therapy for diabetic patients
• Unique treatment methods for diabetes in different countries or regions
• Advances in natural hypoglycemic drugs and ingredients
• Nontraditional treatment for diabetic complications such as blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke, and lower limb amputation