Research Article
Sediment and Cavitation Erosion Studies through Dam Tunnels
Table 12
Volume fraction of water vapors, volume fraction gradient, and Euler or cavitation numbers in Tunnel 3 under various head conditions.
| Head | S1 | S2 | Out1 | Out2 | Out3 | Out4 | Max. water vapor volume fraction gradient (m−1) | Max. volume fraction of water vapor |
| Volume fraction of water vapors and volume fraction gradient | High | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.48 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.97 | 1.746 | 0.971 | Medium | 0.86 | 0.95 | 0.91 | 0.73 | 0.76 | 0.95 | 1.916 | 0.958 | Low | 0.87 | 0.72 | 0.67 | 0.45 | 0.57 | 0.74 | 1.416 | 0.906 |
| Euler or cavitation numbers | High | 0.86 | 1.09 | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.51 | 0.96 | — | — | Medium | 0.97 | 1.12 | 0.49 | 0.68 | 0.80 | 1.12 | — | — | Low | 1.09 | 1.38 | 0.69 | 1.00 | 1.88 | 2.40 | — | — |
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