Sustainable and Dynamic Competitiveness towards Technological Leadership of Industry 4.0: Implications for East African Community

Table 11

Initiatives in the EAC launched within the ICT policies.

Country	Initiatives	Year	Funding	Reference(s)
Uganda	ICT4Agric	2017	—	[240]
	E-government (eTAX, mTrac, e-water)	—	Public	[241, 242]
	Mobile money platform (MTN, Airtel)	2009	Public-private	[243]
Kenya	M-Pesa	2007	Private	[221]
	M-Shwari, M-Pawa, and Mokasa	2012	Private	[244, 245]
	Government Digital Payments Taskforce (eCitizen) or e-government	—	Public	[246, 247]
	PRIMR (Primary Math and Reading)	2011	Public-private	[248]
Tanzania	ICT4D or e-government agency	—	Public	[249, 250]
	E-transparency	2009	Public	[251]
	E-government strategy 2013	2013	Public	[252]
Rwanda	IREMBO e-government platform, one-stop e-government	2015	Public-private	[253–255]
	Digital Ambassadors Program (DAP)	2019	Public	[256]
	Kigali Innovation City (KIC)	2016	Public	[257, 258]
	Rwanda’s ICT Hub Strategy 2024	2019	Public	[259]
	Tap&Go Smartcard	2015	Public-private	[253]
	Smart city Rwanda	2019	Public	[260]