Cells Electrical Characterization: Dielectric Properties, Mixture, and Modeling Theories

Table 1

Biological properties of normal and cancer cells.

	Normal cells	Cancer cells
Shape	Regular, small	Irregular, large
Cytoplasm	Relatively large volume	Relatively small volume
Nucleus	Proportionate size, uniform	Larger and darker, variable
Growth	In control, systematic	Fast and high division
Maturation	Mature through cell differentiation	Does not mature
Visibility	Visible to immune cells, with ID	Invisible to immune cells
Blood supply	Angiogenesis during repair	Tumor angiogenesis
Oxygen	Required	Mostly not required
Glucose	Sometimes	Always
Energy efficiency	95%	5%
ATP	36 units	2 units
Environment	Alkaline	Acidic
Nutrition preferences	Fat, ketone, glucose	Glucose