Review Article

A Review on Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) Tilt-Rotor and Tilt Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)

Table 1

Research innovations carried out by various teams on VTOL-UAV.

TeamInnovation carriedSoftware/technique usedRemarks

Paul Heslinga et al.UAVs with a dual-nacelle tilt-rotorMATLAB simulinkAims for a low payload with pace and stability. Two prototypes were tested successfully
M Ciopcia et al.Tilt-rotor properties on a fly-by-wireLift-drag mathematical modelWorked on steering system combined with transitional state along with efficiency report
Ubair Ejaz Butt et al.Tilt-rotor mechanismCreo 2.0, mathematical modelingTest of control of UAV using a rotor
N.C. Ajay V et al.Stability of a tilt-rotor UAVPrototyping with BLDC motors, servos, mathematical modelingAnalyzed contribution of the wing, fuselage, and tail for stability
Carlos A. et al.Aircraft with tilt-rotor configuration with ducted-fanXFLR5 and ANSYS FLUENTA 20% increase in the lift at full thrust was reported.
Naman Rawal et al.Coaxial tilt-rotor designStructural modeling with performance study and analysis, Dree’s modelEnhancements in maximum cruise velocity, range, endurance, and rate of climb reported
Pau Seguí GascóDual-axis tilt quadrotorMathematical design and model, Simulink20% increase in the efficiency of the new actuator suite
G. Flores et al.Hardware execution of a tilt-rotor aircraftEFCSLongitudinal dynamics are derived at hover and forward flight mode
Chao Chen et al.Tri-rotor-copter concept UAVMathematical modelingTested the flight successfully
Liu Zhong et al.Investigations on tilt-rotor UAVs ranging from dual copter to quadcopterInvestigations of models, features, and algorithmsConcluded that focus should be on robustness and stability
Ali B Junaid et al.Actuation concept for quadcopter UAVMaple software, MATLAB simulink, 3D printing, and mathematical modelingDeveloped UAV with aggressive manoeuvering for congested environments
Shishir G et al.Prototype VTOL UAV quadcopter with four tilt-rotors and a fixed-wingPrototypingSuccessfully carried a payload of 900 grams at 100–150 feet
Daeil Jo et al.Manufactured own hybrid UAVCAE software, prototyping, FW codingA prototype was tested successfully and can carry a 3 kg payload
Bibek D et al.Blended wing design for VTOL UAVsCATIA CAD softwareThe concept of the blended wing is unique; however, no prototype was made and tested