Studying the Synergetic Effect of Point-Extraction and Longitudinal Ventilation on the Maximum Smoke Temperature and Back-Layering Length in Tunnel Fires

<div>The variation of back-layering flow length with vertical extraction velocity (HRR = 5 kW).</div>

Journal of Engineering

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Figure 8

Figure 8: Studying the Synergetic Effect of Point-Extraction and Longitudinal Ventilation on the Maximum Smoke Temperature and Back-Layering Length in Tunnel Fires 

Figure 8 | Studying the Synergetic Effect of Point-Extraction and Longitudinal Ventilation on the Maximum Smoke Temperature and Back-Layering Length in Tunnel Fires 