How to Model the Near-to-the-Carrier Regime and the Lower Knee Frequency of Real RF Oscillators

Figure 1

Enhanced oscillator spectral model for 𝑘₄=30,𝑘₃=0.3,𝑘₂=3⋅10⁻⁵,𝑘₁=3⋅10⁻¹⁰, and 𝑘₀=3⋅10⁻¹⁶. The near-to-the-carrier regime is Gaussian with Ω=38, followed by a sequence of power-law regions with frequencies of transition 𝑓₄=11.3 Hz, and𝑓₃=100 Hz,𝑓₂=10⁴ Hz,𝑓₁=10⁵ Hz while the bandwidth of the system is assumed to be 𝑓_𝐵=10⁷ Hz.