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| The elderly’s characteristics | Design principles |
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| Vision: Hyperopia—serious decline in close vision, astigmatism—focus difficulty, poor adjusting capacity to adapt light—discomfort of glare. | Interface: Appropriate color and bigger font sizes are needed
Illustration: (1) Graphic illustration which avoids fancy background and unnecessary information is necessary. (2) It also should increase the contrast between content and background.
Control: Surface of controller should not use highly reflective material to avoid glare generation. |
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| Thought: It is easy for the aged to form mindset resulting in that they need to spend a long time to form a new concept. | Interface: Concise text, graphic illustration, and enough time information display make the aged fully comprehensive. |
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| Consumer attitude: economical, practical, and reliable. | Cost: Low. |
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| Memory [18]: Sharp decline in short-term memory, poor ability of converting short-term memory into long-term memory and significant decrease in mechanical memorizing. | Operation: The more meaningful memorizing, the better. It should avoid using mechanical memorizing. |
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| Habitus [19]: bone loss and being easy to fracture, poor physical flexibility, clumsy action, and poor endurance. | Controller: (1) It should operate in horizontal mode if the operator needs strength for reducing the probability of falling. (2) Drop resistance pads in the corners are necessary. |
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| Touch: Thin skin and elasticity loss, weak ability of identify texture and surface, and poor sensitivity of temperature | Tip: The system should provide definite feedback to let the elderly know what have been carried out when the buttons are pressed.
Controller: (1) It should be textured surface for easily grip. (2) It is better to provide temperature adjustment. |
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