DPFFs: Direct Path Flip-Flops for Process-Resilient Ultradynamic Voltage Scaling

Table 1

Conventional FFs versus proposed DPFFs (measured).

Param.	MTGFF	C2FF	C2DPFF	TGDPFF
[ps]	185	172	136	142
[ps]	174	169	130	139
[ps]	57	43	46	54
[ps]	49	44	45	48
[W]	2.290	2.041	1.846	1.815
[nW]	3.060	1.885	1.766	1.757
[nW]	2.868	2.252	1.804	1.714
Area [m^2]	122.21	77.91	77.65	74.21

Test condition: SS/1.15 V/25°C for delay and power.
Test condition: FF/1.25 V/125°C for leakage.